earticle

영어

The Seungil School, one of the most important group of the monk sculptors in the mid 17th century, was a successor of the Hyeonjin.Cheongheon School in the early 17th century. The monk sculptors of the Seungil School played an active part in the area of north Gyeongsang province, although they worked in all over the country such as Gyeongsang, Gyeonggi, and Jeolla province. It consisted of master sculptor Seungil and his disciples such as Ilhun, Jagyu, Seongjo, Gyechan, Cheonhak, Cheoyeong, Dojam, Sameung, however only two of them, Seongjo and Sameung, created the statues as a master sculptor.
Seungil might be born about 1600 and created the Buddha sculptures till 1670. If he started to make statues from his early 20s, he might make statues for 50 years. I divided the sculptures made by Seungil School off three stages of period by style. The 1st stage of the Seungil style was the mid 1640s. The sculptures made in this period were influenced by Cheongheon, the master sculptor of the Cheongheon School and his teacher. The statues of the 1st stage have long-narrow faces and shallow-depth bodies.
The 2nd stage of the Seungil style was from late 1640s to mid 1650s. He complicated his typical style in this period.
The statues had strong physique, nearly square face, angluar chin, and symmetrical folds of draperies between two legs. The 3rd stage was from late 1650s to 1670. The fold of draperies were similar to the statues of the 2nd stage, but the bodies and faces were thinner than those of the former stage.

한국어

17세기 중반 활동한 조각승 유파 승일파는 현진·청헌파를 계승한 조각승 집단이었다. 경기도, 전라도, 경상도 등 전국을 대상으로 조상 활동을 펼쳤지만, 경상북도 일대가 그들의 근거지였던 것으로 추정된다. 승일파 조각승들은 一熏, 自圭, 性照, 戒贊, 天學, 處英, 道岑, 三應 등을 주축으로 활동하였으며, 그 중 性照와 三應은 수조각승으로서 승일의 작풍을 따른 작품을 제작한 것으로 파악되었다.
승일은 1600년 전후에 출생하여 1670년까지 작품 활동을 한 것으로 추정되는데, 그의 작풍 변화에 따라 Ⅰ기, Ⅱ기, Ⅲ기로 구분된다. Ⅰ기는 1640년대 중반으로, 스승인 청헌의 작풍이 근간을 이루고 있던 시기였다. 이 시기 작품들은 좁고 긴 얼굴, 측면의 납작한 신체 등이 특징이다. Ⅱ기는 1640년대 후반부터 1650년대 중반 까지로, 장대한 몸체와 정방형의 얼굴, 각진 턱, 좌우 대칭의 하반신 옷주름 등 승일의 작풍이 완성된 시기였다. Ⅲ기는 1650년대 후반부터 1670년까지로, 옷주름의 구성은 이전 시기와 동일하지만, 얼굴과 몸체가 다소 세장해진 차이가 있다.