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영어

This paper was made to discover how urban space ‘Gangbuk’ was made in the process of making the ‘Gangnam’ which was a south part of Han River in Seoul. While ‘Gangnam’ is a brand new Space in Seoul through the development in 1970s, ‘Gangbuk’ is a Space which was recognized space anew in relation with the Gangnam. To discover the process of making the ‘Gangbuk’, in this paper, historical change of territory and center of Seoul was examined closely after 1910. Since Japanese Annexation of Korea by force in 1910, urban structure based on natural ground and social hierarchy was changed by colonial policy. And dual city center was made. One was made in Bukchon for Korean based on historical & political dynamic and the other one was made in Namchon by Japanese based on socialeconomic dynamic. After liberation in 1945, to solve the housing shortage Government extended the city area to secure housing site maintaining the single city center in north part of Han River. Drastic change of urban structure was made by overpopulation and military guerilla’s attack to Blue House in mid 1970s. To develop the ‘Gangnam’, whole national support was concentrated in Gangnam. Finally at the time of completion of the ‘Gangnam’, North part of Han River lost its position of city-center. It is a birth of new word ‘Ganbuk’. Now the Gangbuk stands for run-down city area to be developed. They lose everything except historical identity. The process of birth of the Gangbuk was complex process which was combined coldwar system, non-democratic political system, passion for education.