earticle

영어

A purpose of this study is to identify the effects of art therapy on social and attachment behavior of the children with reactive attachment disorder.
Individual art therapy program was carried out for 50 minutes a week over 30 sessions toward 3 students in the 4th to 6th grade who abide in 00 city. To measure social behavior of the children, "Attachment Disorder Questionnaire Scale" developed by Randolph was used. To measure attachment behavior, Bird Nest Drawing(BND) was used, then pre-change and post-change were quantitatively analyzed through t-test. For the picture-test, Kinetic-House-Tree-Person(K-HTP) and Kinetic Family Drawing (KFD) were carried out, then, a change in pre-test, mid-test and post-test were qualitatively analyzed. The results of this study are as follows. First, it was shown that art therapy positively had an effect on social behavior improvement of the children with reactive attachment disorder.It implies that art therapy that was rejective, resistive and defiant to the children with reactive attachment disorder was likely to reduce anti-social behavior and to improve a positive behavior through intimacy, smooth correlation of family and improvement in peer-relationship. It implies that after a practice of art therapy, a rejective and negative response to rearing of family turned into the positive rearing pattern and attachment behavior was improved because a score of attachment was high. Such the results implies that art therapy program is effective in social behavior and attachment behavior improvement of the children with reactive attachment disorder. Hence, a continuous study and concern on the basis of quantitative and qualitative perspective for the children with reactive attachment disorder should be provided.

한국어

본 연구는 반응성 애착장애 아동들을 대상으로 한 개인미술치료가 반응성애착장애아동의 사회적 행동과 애착행동에 미치는 효과를 알아보는데 목적이 있다. 본 연구는 반응성애착장애아동의 사회적 행동과 애착행동향상을 위해 Winncott의 촉진적환경의 미술치료를 토대로 하였다. C도의 D시에 소재한 초등학교 4학년~6학년 3명을 연구대상으로 2009년 1월 4일부터 10월 1일까지 주 1회(60) 총 30회기의 미술치료프로그램을 실시하였으며, 프로그램효과를 검증하기 위해 사전ㆍ사후검사 실험설계를 사용하였다. 수집된 자료의 분석은 사전ㆍ사후 변화를 t 검정을 통해 양적 분석과 그림검사 K-HTP, KFD의 사전ㆍ중간ㆍ사후 검사의 변화를 질적 분석하였다. 연구결과, 촉진적환경의 미술치료에 참여한 반응성 애착장애 아동의 사회적 행동과 애착행동이 긍정적으로 변화된 것으로 밝혀졌으며, 부모상담 결과 역시 본 프로그램에 참여한 아동의 사회적 행동과 애착행동이 향상된 것으로 나타났다. 이와 같은 결론을 토대로 후속연구에서는 보다 많은 사례를 적용하고 반응성 애착장애 아동을 위한 양적ㆍ질적인 차원에서 지속적인 연구와 관심이 제공되어야 할 것이다.