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The supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) of wheat germ oil was studied.
Wheat germ oil is used in products such as foods, biological insect control agents, pharmaceuticals and cosmetic formulations, and has been shown to reduce plasma and liver cholesterol in animals and to delay aging.
Wheat germ contains important bioactive compounds such as antioxidants and sterols. Antioxidants of wheat germ include tocopherols, tocotrienols (together abbreviated as tocols and summarized under the term vitamin E), phenolics and carotenoids. Supercritical fluid extraction is an alternative to conventional separation process technique which takes advantage of the enhanced solvent power of supercritical fluids. Supercritical carbon dioxide (SCO2) extraction was applied for bio-industry (foods, medicines, cosmetics, ect) which enable to high value-added business creation.
Independent variables were operating temperature (20~60℃), pressure (10~30MPa) and flow rate (26.81g/min). Oil extraction yield increased with increasing extraction pressure. The extract was analyzed by GC technique. The main fatty acids of wheat germ oil extracted SCO2 were linoleic acid and palmitic acid. β-caroten, an important phytochemical for natural antioxidant in the wheat wheat germ oil extracted by SCO2 was analyzed by UV and GC/FID. Further study is going to investigate the antioxidation of comparing the oils extracted by SCO2 and soxhlet extraction with organic solvent by measuring acid value.