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Malaysia has abundant of agricultural wastes which can be utilized for production of fine chemicals of commercial value from microbial sources such as enzymes, antibiotics, flavouring compounds and also microbial biomass which was used as animal feeds through fermentation and enzymatic processes.
Lignocellulosic agricultural wastes such as palm kernel cake, sugar cane baggase, paddy straw, rice husks, pineapple wastes, and cynobogon (serai) leaves contribute to more than 5 million tones of wastes per year. Lignocellullose consists of three types of polymers, cellulose, hemicelluloses and lignin that are strongly intermeshed and chemically bonded by non‐covalent forces and by covalent cross‐linkages. These components can be degraded by lignocellulytic fungi or bacteria for production of biofuel (ethanol and biobutanol), organic acid, bioflavour (biovanillin), biopesticide, enzymes and polyoses. Beside of lignocellulosic materials, Malaysia also produce more than 20 million tones of shellfish waste such as shrimps, crabs and crawfish which can be utilized for production of value added products. Chitin is a major component in shellfish waste such as shrimps, crabs and crawfish. Chitin from seafood waste have been developed and used in various field such as environmental, agriculture, medical and food industries. The end product of chitin decompose have been used for chitinase, chitooligochitin, N‐acetylglucosamine production. Instead of chitinolytic enzymes, shellfish waste can be used as a substrate for induction of fibrinolytic enzymes which widely used in pharmaceutical industry, food industry and medical field. The used of shellfish waste in medium formulation wil give a great impact in formulation of cost effective medium for fibrinolytic enzymes production.