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Currently, obesity has become the risk factor to lead many metabolic diseases including hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus, cancer and osteoarthritis. Capsaicin as a potential thermogenic agent has been reported as a tool for obesity management by increasing energy
expenditure and fatty acid oxidation on skeletal muscle. In the present study, effects of capsaicin on expression of skeletal muscle proteins in rats fed with high-fat diet (HFD) were investigated. Rats were fed with the HFD for a period of 8 week and/or were treated with capsaicin. After HFD feeding, capsaicin-treated group weighed an average of 8% less than HF-diet group. Capsaicin treatment increased phosphorylation of AMPK and ACC compared with HFD control group. HFD fed rats led to increase of UCP3 protein expression, whereas capsaicin treatment reduced UCP3 contents. These data suggest that effect of capsaicin on energy expenditure and fatty acid oxidation in muscle might be mediated through activating AMPK-ACC-malonyl-CoA metabolic
signaling pathway. The proteomic analysis demonstrated that 33 spots were differentially significantly expressed from a total of about 500 matched spots, of which 27 spots were identified as muscle proteins altered in response to capsaicin feeding, and 6 spots were found to be
unidentified by mass fingerprinting.