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Literature

시마자키 도손(島崎藤村)의 인생철학 -『복숭아 물방울(桃の雫)』의 아포리즘을 중심으로 -

원문정보

Shimazaki Toson's Philosophy of Life - Focused on Aphorism of “Momonoshizuku” -

김남경

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초록

영어

“Momonoshizuku” is an essay which can stipulate Shimazaki Toson's mental world in his later years. Toson, the genius who has altered the literary form by using compressed and concise format on his personal experience, was believed to have made an attempt to narrow the gap between the readers. As many genre merge together, Toson is an Essayist, Humanist, Moralist, and etc showing a variety of colors. I wonder if, according Toson's ideology and philosophy expressed by aphorism, in the readers' point of view it would resemble to be human textbook.
I was able to understand that in his self-examination on life, he was focused on the ideology pursued by various essayists from East and West. In 1930, Toson sensed the crisis of human absence as they were buried by sudden changes in the international relations and infiltration of science. Toson presented Shakespeare's human admiration and positive ideology, what he considered to be the norm of Western literature, to be what modern men should be endowed with to those who were in confusion and nervousness. Also, under the belief that civilization's crisis should result from the unbalance between machinery civilization and civilization of mental ethics, it can be said that he had established his determination as a humanist by recollecting Goethe's life, who pursued freedom and the return to nature to love humane things. And Tolstoy's morality on change in unsettlement from a social aspect with accuracy, sincerity, and furthermore good conscience in self-examination had much mutuality to their correspondent parts with Toson, hence, making it unable to deny that Toson is a moralist. Lastly, Toson "simple", which acts as the core to not only life, but also literary form from both Lao-tuz's "leaving nature as it is"as well as its similar reasons of Pascal, which Tolstoy aimed to reach in his later years. Simplicity, which is created from the combination of idea of repair and beauty, was not only Toson guide, but also his life and had settled as his life creed, hence, life philosophy.

일본어

島崎藤村の『桃の雫』は、彼の晩年の人生哲学が規定できるエッセイである。とりわけ作品中の斷想すなわちアフォリズムは、彼の體驗から悟った眞理の凝縮であるといえる。これは、文學樣式における變容の鬼才である藤村が、自分の體驗的な眞理をさらに簡潔に壓縮させた形式を通して讀者との間隙を縮めようとする試みであったと思われる。藤村は文学のジャンルにおいて自由な作家であるだけに、エッセイスト․ヒューマニスト․モラリスト等とも評価されている。本稿は、藤村に対するそのような評価を中心に作品を考察したものである。
藤村の人間に関する研究は、東・西洋のエッセイストの思想に基づいている。彼は、1930年代の、科學の浸透と國際關係の激變との中で埋沒せざるをえない人間の不在に、危機感を抱かずにはいられなかった。生活上の不安とアイデンティティーの混亂とに陥っていた人々へ、藤村は自分が西洋文學の定石として認めていたシェークスピアの思想、すなわち人間への禮讚と人間を肯定する心とが、近代人の備えるべき人間像であることを提示した。また、文明の危機は機械文明と精神的な倫理の文明との不均衡によって惹き起こされると判断した藤村は、自然に帰って人間的なものを愛し正しい感情の解放を求めたゲーテの生涯を回顧しながら、人間世界の調和と信賴の回復とを主張するヒューマニストの立場を標榜したのである。そして、變遷の動搖が激しかった社會相を、正確、誠実、さらに良心的に省察しようとしたトルストイの道德的な精神が、藤村の作品の評價とも一致するところから、藤村がモラリストであったことがわかる。最後に、トルストイが探し求めた老子の無爲思想とパスカルの思想を通し、藤村は生活樣式と文學樣式とにおいて核心となる「簡素さ」を抽出した。數理の觀念と美の結合とから創出された「簡素」は、彼の精神的な案內者である芭蕉の生み出した生活様式であり、藤村自身の生活信條すなわち人生哲學として位置づけられたといえる。

목차

Ⅰ. 머리말
 Ⅱ. 회의(懷疑)와 시도 - 깨달음의 시작
  1. 도손의 에세이 - 휴먼 텍스트북
 Ⅲ. 인간적인 것에 대한 사랑
 Ⅳ. 선한 양심 - 혼의 모럴
 Ⅴ. 간소한 생활 - 수리(數理)의 관념과 미(美)의 결합
 Ⅵ. 맺음말
 【參考文獻】
 <要旨>
 Abstract

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