earticle

영어

‘Pil-dam-chang-su-jib’(collection of conversation by writing about poetry or sentences) which was remained in Japan through the dispatching of Tong-sin mission belong to the Joseon dynasty is a valuable historical records directly to verify sincere relationships with Korea and Japan in the past. At the center of the ‘Pil-dam-chang-su-jib’, a conversation of senators who was technocrat both countries at that time was not a little contained. Because they need to exchange information and opinions which they had been curious at an appointed hour, the most impending medical problems of that period had to be brought out in the senator’s ‘Pil-dam-chang-su-jib’ and the value of material is high as much. If you examine the ‘Pil-dam’ records which was exchanged from senators to senators of both countries at that time, you can directly confirm the universality and difference of the medical science and medicine tradition of various East Asian countries. Also it can be an opportunity to organize the customs history through the studying an illness, medicines and a remedy. The necessity of the investigation about medical related conversation by writing is in this place. The purpose of a paper was in consolidation to a base of translation and investigation hereafter to consider the characters embodied in medical conversation in the first half of 18th centuries. The researcher translate the 1711 data ‘Sang-han-ui-dam’ and 1748 data 'Sang-han-ui-mun-dab’ up to now. Two data were published at an interval of about 30 year’s in Japan. That was regularized medical conversations between Korean and Japanese senators and it was display the essence through the each originality enough. ‘Sang-han-ui-dam’ was collection of conversation between Du-mun Kim and a herb doctor Syunpo Gitao in Ogaki, Gifu province, Japan at same year. ‘Sang-han-ui-mun-dab’ was collection of conversation between Seung-su Joe and a herb doctor Seunko Kawamura in Dong-kyung, Japan at the same year. The first half of 18th century medical conversation by writing had been a foundation of the rational description system at the coming medical conversation to change the description system according to the envoy’s coming situation. The other side, to use of questions and answers form gives presence and reality at the conversation by writing. So, conversation was let the readers to gain the feeling of movement. Also, the contents are substantially reflected the long history of Eastern medical and revealed medical science, treatment reality at that time. Not correspondent with normal collection of conversation by writing, the medical conversation by writing shows a special quality at rich material to confirm the technocrat’s identity. After considering with the all factors above, the first half of 18th century’s medical conversation materials are certificated remarkably valuable materials to the cultural history around the physician at that time.

한국어

조선시대 통신사행을 계기로 출현한 상한의담과 상한의문답은 30여년의 간격을 두고 일본인에 의해 만들어진 의학 필담집이다. 두 텍스트에 공통적으로 표기된 ‘한문훈독’은 의학 필담이 전문 의서에 속하는 점을 고려해, 향후 이 책을 참고할 의원들의 오독(誤讀)을 방지하고, 의원이 아닌 다수의 일반인도 고급 지식에 보다 쉽게 접근할 수 있도록 배려한 것이다. 두 책 모두 목판본으로 간행했다는 점도 다수의 독자를 염두에 둔 것이다. 1711년 제8차 신묘통신사행 때 일본 의원 기타오 슌포에 의해 만들어진 상한의담은 ‘확인을 위한 문답’ 방식을 취하고 있다. 따라서 장황한 질문에 비해 기두문의 답변이 매우 간결하다. 이는 혼란스러운 사행 분위기 때문에 양국 의원들 간에 만남의 기회가 짧았던 것과 기두문의 과도한 업무에 기인한 것이다. 상한의담은 ‘치험례’적 내용을 바탕으로 의학을 현실과 접목시키려는 태도를 보여주고, 각종 병증과 약재, 처방에 대한 내용이 매우 자세하다는 특성을 지녔다. 1748년 제10차 무진통신사행 때 카와무라 슌코에 의해 만들어진 상한의문답은 평화로운 사행 분위기에 힘입어 의원들 간 문답을 행할 시간이 충분했기 때문에 각자 가지고 있던 의론을 바탕으로 상대방의 이론에 치밀한 비평을 가하는 ‘토론’의 방식을 보이게 되었다. 상한의문답은 ‘의론’적 내용 위주이기 때문에 의학 서적 중심의 이론과 실제 처방을 직접 확인할 수 있으며, 당시 유행했던 전염병과 동양의학의 흐름까지 살펴볼 수 있다는 점이 특징적이다. 따라서 이들 텍스트를 참고하면, 18세기 일본과 조선 양국 의원들이 주로 참고했던 의학적 이론과 처방 등을 확인해 동양의학의 역사적 맥락을 짚어볼 수 있고, 그들 사이에 화제가 되었던 의학적 문제를 살펴볼 수 있다.