earticle

영어

The formal semantics have its theoretical basis in the Aristotelian logic. Since the late 19th century, philosophers like Frege formalize linguistic expressions with mathematical concepts.In general, natural languages are considered to describe things and phenomena around us by linguistic expressions of various categories. In other words, the language connects linguistic expressions with a part of the world.The object of this work is to examine various facets of the world represented by natural languages. First of all, we analyze the denotations of French common nouns, noun phrases, proper nouns in the set theory. We examine also the semantic structure of the phrases whose predicate is action verb. And then, the analyses of sentential complements give us common nouns and noun phrases which represent the concept of proposition. After all, we can propose a model containing not only the individuals which represent things but also the individuals which represent propositions. Theses analyses can as well propose the sub-classification of adjectives by the compatibility with common nouns, in consequence we have the following sub-classification.
- common nouns of thing : chanteur, professeur, table, voiture
- common nouns of proposition : hypothèse, désir, opinion, rumeur
- adjectives of thing : grand, français, rond, rouge
- adjectives of proposition : certain, indubitable, inévitable, souhaitable