earticle

영어

The results of examination in characteristics of the United Korean Community Association in the Philippines(UKCA) can be outlined as follows: First, it was found that the network of UKCA, a representative Korean community association in Philippines, was in active and strong solidarity with a variety of Korean community associations including their umbrella organizations. Secondly, it was found that foreigner association networks share social relationships with one another primarily in favor of friendship, medical care and community services, but there were just a few and weakly consolidated associations. Thirdly, it was found that governmental agency networking converged mainly on Korean Embassy in Philippines, Bureau of Philippines and Philippine Police, and there was a strong solidarity formed among those agencies. Fourthly, it was found that UKCA created strong solidarity with overseas Korean foundations but maintained weak solidarity with related associations in homeland on the basis of short-term exchanges. Fifthly, it was found that UKCA had a weak network with central and local government agencies in homeland. According to analysis on networking of UKCA, it was found that there was a combination of strong and weak solidarity relationships formed in a network of associations. Notably, it was found that national identity, established reliability, identical interests and higher benefits were contributors to creation of strong solidarity in networking of UKCA, whereas both formal exchanges and geographical limitations were contributors to weak solidarity. In the interest of developing networks of UKCA, this study has the following implications: First, expand the networking. It is necessary to more positively focus on extending networks into local major community associations beyond conventional networks converged on local Korean community. Particularly, it is important to be more committed to extending local networks as a part of relieving and preventing anti-Korean sentiment in Philippines. Secondly, keep networking on regular basis. If networking needs become compromised among local community associations, networking efforts are likely to end up with temporary and formal networking results. It is required for UKCA to make its best efforts to build up a united local community network to meet interests of all associations, rather than create any ostentatious local community networking to meet temporary needs. Thirdly, explore possible cooperation networks based on Korean community associations. It is not too much to say that building a coordinated network in local Korean community and society on the basis of UKCA will become prerequisite to development of local Korean societies.

한국어

필리핀 한인들의 대표단체인 한인회의 네트워크는 첫째, 산하단체를 포함해 여러 한인단체와 활성화 된 강한연대를 갖고 있었다. 둘째, 외국인 단체 네트워크는 주로 친선, 의료, 봉사 차원에서 교류하고 있었지만, 연대단체가 소수에 불과하며, 약한연대이다. 셋째, 정부기관의 네트워크는 한국 대사관, 필리핀 이민청, 경찰청에 집중되어 있으며, 강한연대를 형성하고 있었다. 넷째, 재외동포재단과 강한연대를 구축하고 있는 반면 모국의 단체와는 단기성 교류가 많은 약한연대이다. 다섯째, 모국의 중앙 정부기관, 지방정부와 네트워크가 있었지만, 약한연대로 평가할 수 있다. 한인회의 네트워크를 분석한 결과, 단체 간 네트워크는 강한연대 또는 약한연대가 혼재(混在)되어 있었다. 강한연대의 형성 요인으로 민족적 동질성, 신뢰의 구축, 이해관계의 일치, 편익의 증대 등이며, 약한연대는 형식적 교류, 지리적 제약 등으로 나타났다. 한인회의 네트워크 발전을 위한 함의는 첫째, 네트워크의 확산이다. 한인단체에 집중된 네트워크에서 탈피하여 지역의 주류단체와의 네트워크 확대에 적극성을 보여야 한다. 특히 필리핀에서 반한감정을 해소하고 차단하는 방법의 일환으로 네트워크 확산에 집중하여야 한다. 둘째, 지속적인 네트워크의 유지이다. 단체 간 네트워크 필요성이 약화된다면, 이는 일회성 그리고 형식적 네트워크로 종결될 가능성이 많다. 한인회는 일시적인 필요 또는 보여주기 위한 네트워크가 아닌, 단체 간 이해관계가 일치된 네트워크 구축에 전력해야 한다. 셋째, 한인회 중심의 협력 네트워크의 모색이다. 한인사회의 대표성을 지닌 한인회를 중심으로 동포 간 또는 단체 간 유기적인 협력 네트워크의 구축은 단체 발전의 필수 요건이다.