earticle

영어

Objective : Using a work sampling technique and cross-section analysis, this study was performed in order to analyze the risk level of musculoskeletal disorders for workers engaged in the manufacturing industry. Methods : Using a self-entering mode questionnaire, the study was conducted to survey the musculoskeletal disorders of 29 workers at an automative component factory. The extent of the musculoskeletal disorders of the workers was classified into basis 1(KOSHA), basis 2(NIOSH), and basis 3 (labor scientific research institute of Incheon university). And the risk levels of the musculoskeletal disorders were evaluated using OWAS, RULA, and REBA for each work posture, extracting 1 cut per 1 sec, based on the work sampling technique, after having photographed the work processes of the individual workers with a high performance camera. Results : The number of workers who complained of pain in one or more parts of their body were 24 persons (82.8%) in basis 1, 22 persons (75.9%) in basis 2, and 19 persons (65.5%) in basis 3. As a result of having analyzed the musculoskeletal disorders, OWAS was in risk level 4 in a cross-section analysis (inflicted with severe musculoskeletal disorders), and as for the work sampling technique, the workers in risk level 2 (inflicted with milder musculoskeletal disorders) were 3 persons. Also, the workers whose work sampling of risk level had been 3 (continuous observation and fast work improvement were required) while their cross-section analysis for RULA was at risk level 4 (precision survey and immediate improvement were required) were 2 persons, while in REBA, the workers whose work sampling risk level was 2 (risk was normal) while their cross-section analysis risk levels were 3 (risk was high) were analyzed as 3 persons. The consistencies of the work sampling and cross-section analysis in the high-risk group and the low-risk group are as follows; OWAS (Kappa=.4423), RULA (Kappa=.4938), and REBA (Kappa=.5193). Conclusion : The results showed that this study may be used to analyze the exposure risk level to the musculoskeletal disorders of workers using a work sampling technique, and it has been confirmed as a trusted method in selecting the workers who require a preferential improvement of their work environment.

한국어

목적 : 본 연구는 work sampling 기법과 단면분석법을 이용하여 제조업 종사 근로자의 근골격계질환 노출 위험수준을 알아보고자 하였다. 연구방법 : 이를 위해 자동차부품 제조업 종사 근로자 29명의 근골격계질환 증상을 자기기입식 설문지로 조사하여, 그 정도를 기준1(KOSHA), 기준2(NIOSH), 기준3(인천노동과학연구소)으로 구분하였다. 그리고 개별 근로자의 작업과정을 고성능카메라로 촬영한 후 OWAS, RULA, REBA를 사용하여 work sampling 기법(1초당 1컷)과 단면분석법으로 근골격계질환 위험수준을 분석하였다. 결과 : 신체부위 중 1부위 이상 통증이 있다고 호소한 근로자는 기준1 24명(82.8%), 기준2 22명(75.9%), 그리고 기준3 19명(65.5%)이었다. 인간공학적 측정도구를 이용한 근골격계질환 노출위험수준은 OWAS는 단면분석-조치단계 4(근골격계에 매우 심한 해를 끼침), work sampling-조치단계 2(근골격계에 약간의 해를 끼침)인 근로자가 3명이었다. 또, RULA는 단면분석-조치단계 4(정밀조사와 즉각적인 개선필요), work sampling-조치단계 3(계속적 관찰과 빠른 작업개선 요함)인 근로자가 2명이었고, REBA에서는 단면분석-조치단계 3(위험 높음), work sampling-조치단계 2(위험 보통)인 근로자가 3명으로 분석되었다. 단면분석과 work sampling 기법에서 고위험군과 저위험군의 일치도는 OWAS Kappa=.4423, RULA Kappa=.4938, 그리고 REBA Kappa=.5193이었다. 결론 : Work sampling 기법을 이용하여 근로자의 근골격계질환 노출위험수준을 객관적으로 분석할 수 있었으며, 결과를 토대로 근로자 작업환경의 개선이 우선적으로 필요한 작업자를 선정하는데 신뢰할만한 방법임이 확인되었다.