초록 열기/닫기 버튼
본 연구는 국가적인 감염병 재난인 코로나19 상황에서 재난 메시지의 속성과 재난 메시지를 전달하는 미디어 간 경쟁력을 비교하는 데 목적을 두었다. 연구는 코로나19 확진 경험이 있거나, 백신을 1회 이상 맞은 대한민국 성인남녀 400명을 대상으로 2023년 4월 25일부터 2주간 재난 미디어에 대한 속성별 충족감을 온라인으로 측정하였다. 재난 미디어는 선행연구 등을 통해 TV, 신문, 라디오, 스마트폰(재난문자), 코로나19 웹사이트, 정부공식 SNS, 인쇄미디어, 옥외광고 등 총 8개 미디어로 설정했다. 분석은 충족 적소 이론과 SPSS 상관관계 분석 등을 활용하여 미디어 간 경쟁과 상관관계를 파악하였으며 분석 결과 모든 충족 차원에서 스마트폰(재난문자)이 적소 폭이 가장 넓고, 경쟁력 우월지수도 가장 높게 산출되었다. 충족 적소 폭은 스마트폰(재난문자), 코로나19 웹사이트, 정부공식 SNS와 TV가 상대적으로 넓은 폭을 차지했다. 각 재난 미디어에 대한 충족감은 사용자의 연령, 소득, 가족 수 등 사용자 특성과 상관관계가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구에서는 공공성이 강조되는 재난 상황에서 미디어 간 경쟁을 포함한 공존 관계로 미디어 선택 현상을, 실무적 차원에서는 사용자 측면에서 미디어 간 관계를 해석했다는 시사점이 있다.
The purpose of this study was to compare the nature of disaster messages expected by the general public in the situation of COVID-19, a national infectious disease disaster, and the competitiveness among media that deliver disaster messages. The study measured the user gratification of each disaster media in the form of an online survey targeting 400 adult men and women in Korea who had confirmed COVID-19 or had been vaccinated more than once. Disaster media was set up in a total of eight media, including TV, Newspapers, Radio, Smartphones(disaster texts), COVID-19 Websites, government official SNS, Rrint-media, and Outdoor-Advertising, through prior research, and the survey period was intensively conducted during the period when vaccinations imported from overseas were in full swing(for two weeks from April 24, 2023). The analysis method identified competition and correlation between media using the Gratification Niche Theory and SPSS correlation analysis. As a result of the analysis, the appropriate margin for Smartphones(disaster texts) was the widest in all gratification dimensions, and the competitiveness superiority index was also calculated the highest compared to other media. Internet and mobile-based interactive media Smartphones(disaster texts), COVID-19 Websites, government official SNS and TV accounted for a relatively wide range of gratification. On the other hand, Radio, Newspapers, Printing, and Outdoor-Advertising were evaluated as specialized media with relatively narrow small widths and competitive advantages. Gratification with each disaster media was found to be correlated with user characteristics such as the user's age, income, and number of families, resulting in a reference result for establishing a strategy for using media by personal characteristics in future disaster situations. If the existing theory of the right place was mainly used to grasp the competitive relationship between media, this study has theoretical implications that the media selection phenomenon was interpreted as a relationship of coexistence including competition between media in a disaster situation where publicity is emphasized.
키워드열기/닫기 버튼
Disaster Media, COVID-19, Niche theory, Gratification
