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The aim of this study was to examine how self-encouragement and spousal support mediate the relationship between psychological burnout and parenting stress among working mothers of infants and toddlers. The study involved 428 working mothers with children aged 0-6 years nationwide. Analysis was conducted using Pearson’s correlations and step-wise multiple regression analysis with SPSS 22.0. The results revealed several key findings: Firstly, there were significant correlations among parenting stress, psychological burnout, self-encouragement, and spousal support. Secondly, self-encouragement was a significant mediator between parenting stress and psychological burnout. Thirdly, spousal support also showed a significant mediating effect in the relationship between parenting stress and psychological burnout. These findings suggested that self-encouragement and spousal support could serve as therapeutic factors in addressing psychological burnout resulting from parenting stress among working mothers of infants and toddlers. This study concluded by presenting the significance, implications, limitations, and suggestions for future research.