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This paper concerns how the translator’s cognitive background affects the translation result and how the reader’s cognitive background affects the translation preference from the epistemological perspective. The Dhammapada is one of the most widely read and best known Buddhist scriptures throughout the world, the content of which is a collection of the Buddha’s teaching in the early Buddhism. Four translated books on the Dhammapada published and read by the public in Korea were selected and 25 verses with Buddhist traits were selected out of 423 and tested by 29 participants for preference. The result clearly shows the epistemological co-relation between the participant’s background (major or religion) and the translation preference - even the most popular translation or the best translation considered so far can be differently evaluated depending on the reader's perception. Furthermore, this study implies the epistemological consideration of translation in response to the growing market of artificial intelligence-based machine translation.