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This study investigates the influence of second language (L2) proficiency on error detection skills in L2 readers. Previous research has shown that advanced L2 learners outperform basic or intermediate learners in error detection tasks, particularly for subject-verb disagreement errors. However, it remains unclear if L2 proficiency extends to other error types. The present study explores the processing difficulties encountered by L2 readers when confronted with grammatical errors involving tense disagreement, article omission, word order, and nonwords. Eye-tracking data were collected to examine error sensitivity among L2 learners at different proficiency levels (basic, intermediate, and advanced). The findings reveal that L2 proficiency has a significant effect on error sensitivity, with advanced learners demonstrating higher sensitivity across various error types. However, the study finds no significant differences in error sensitivity for illegal nonwords among the proficiency levels. The presence of an error-checking task enhances error sensitivity, especially for advanced learners.