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For sustainable growth and development, it is time for eco-friendly efforts as well as pursuing economic performance. This study first identified the relationship between green supply chain management practices and environmental performance. In addition, it was of key significance to examine the differences in the influence of green supply chain management practices on environmental performance through moderating variables of institutional pressure. The results showed that among the green supply chain management practices, internal environmental management system, investment recovery, and buyer management have a positive impact on environmental performance. Previous studies argued that institutional pressure increases the willingness of companies to implement and improve green supply chain management and affects the efficiency of resources used for environmental management. However, contrary to the arguments suggested in the institutional theory, our study found that the higher the institutional pressure, the weaker the positive influence of green supply chain management practices on environmental performance. In particular, concerning green design, it has been statistically significantly demonstrated that the higher the institutional pressure, the weaker the positive influence of green design on environmental performance.