An Analysis of Changes in Trade Structure and Competitiveness of Materials, Parts, and Equipment Industries between Korea and China

본 연구는 소재·부품·장비의 한·중 산업간 무역구조 및 무역 경쟁력의 변화를 분석하기 위하여 수행되었다. 먼저 수출입 추세를 보았을 때 소재·부품·장비의 대중국 무역은 지난 10여 년간 지속적으로 무역수지 흑자를 달성하고 있지만 흑자 규모는 지속적으로 하락하는 추세에 있는 것으로 나타났다. 그리고 GL 지수를 보았을 때 산업 내 무역의 수준이 지속적으로 증가하고 동종 산업 간의 경쟁 또한 치열해지고 있는 것으로 파악되었다. 10년간 전체 소재·부품·장비 산업의 TSI 지수는 양(+)으로 나타나 우리나라 산업의 경쟁력이 우세한 것으로 나타났지만 TSI 지수가 지속적으로 줄어들어 산업의 경쟁력이 점차 감소하고 있는 것으로 파악되었다. 중국의 급격한 성장에 대응하기 위해서는 우리 제품의 자급률 향상 및 경쟁력 강화 등을 위한 노력을 지속적으로 기울여야 할 것으로 판단이 된다.

This study analyzed changes in the trade structure and trade competitiveness between the Korean and Chinese industries of materials, parts, and equipment. First of all, looking at the trend of exports and imports, it was found that trade with China for materials, parts, and equipment has continued to achieve a trade surplus over the past decade, but the surplus has been on a continuous decline. And as a result of the GL index analysis, it was found that the level of trade in the industry continues to increase and competition between the same industries is also intensifying. For 10 years, the TSI index of the entire material, parts, and equipment industry was positive (+), indicating that the competitiveness of the Korean industry was dominant, but the competitiveness of the industry was gradually decreasing as the TSI index continued to decrease. As a result of the analysis of this study, efforts to improve the domestic self-sufficiency rate and strengthen competitiveness of parts with a very high proportion of imports and exports of materials, parts, and equipment to China are very urgent. In the case of materials and equipment, it is judged that efforts to strengthen the competitiveness of various product lines and improve the self-sufficiency rate should be continuously made.