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李瀷是朝鲜朝后期优秀的诗歌评论家和诗人。李瀷生活的朝鲜朝后 期，文坛上盛行“学唐”思潮。在众多唐代诗人及诗歌当中，李瀷最为推 崇的是杜甫及其诗歌。可以说，李瀷的诗歌批评和诗歌创作活动，与他 对杜诗的研究与接受是密不可分的。对杜甫和杜诗的深度理解和高度 欣赏，使得李瀷在自己的诗歌创作中经常化用杜诗典故，即杜诗语典和 事典。李瀷对杜诗典故的化用，并不是对杜诗表达形式的简单学习和模 仿，而是对它富有创造性的“化”和“用”。具体来说，李瀷对杜诗典故的 化用，就是将杜诗的诗语、诗句或事典化解开来，或直接借用，或重新 组合，并使之融入自己的诗歌语境中，形成一个有机的整体。李瀷对杜 诗典故的化用，经过了诗人的冥思苦索和深思熟虑，达到了一种“旧中 出新”的化用效果。故此，我们可以从“师”“造”“新”三个层面来理解和把 握李瀷化用杜诗典故的本质意义。从某种意义上来看，李瀷对杜诗典故 的化用不仅仅是他学识、性格、思想、情感等诗人自我的一种体现，同 时也是诗人对杜诗思想情感和诗歌风格的秉承和扩展，是对杜诗艺术生 命的一种跨时空、跨国界的传承和弘扬。
Lee Ik was a great poet and poetry critic of the Joseon Dynasty. Lee lived in the latter period of Joseon Dynasty, in which the literary world was full of "learning from Tang Dynasty". The most highly prized poet by Lee was Du Fu and his poems. It can be said that Lee's poetry criticism and poetry creation activities are inseparable from his research and acceptance of Du poetry.The deep understanding and appreciation of Du Fu led Lee to regard Du’s poems as a model of learning and accepted in his own poetic practice. Lee often used allusions of Du’s poems in his poems as an important way to learn and accept Du’s poems, including words and stories in Du’s poems. The words, sentences or events in Du's works were explained, or directly borrowed or reassembled to create new consonants according to the needs of the poet. By internalized changing the form of Du's words and phrases, he created a new meaning and realized using the old and creating the new. Therefore, about the use of Du's classical works, its essential meaning and artistic merit can be understood and grasped from the three aspects: "Teaching", "Creating" and "New". On a certain degree, Lee's use of the Du’s words and events was another embodiment of his learning, character, thoughts and emotion, as well as a trans-temporal and transnational inheritance of Du's artistic life. In terms of the psychological structure of individual creation, it is an excellent way for poets to realize the spiritual interface with Du Fu, as a connection crossing space, time and cultures.
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Lee Ik, Du Fu’s poetry, literary quotation of words, literary quotation of events, assimilation
