초록 열기/닫기 버튼
现代汉语“V到”和“V出”都可以表达结果义，并且在一定条件下可以互换。但二者对动词和宾语、副词的选择又存在一些差异。“V到”和“V出”都经历了从位移义到结果义的语法化过程，本文主要从二者不同的语法化机制入手，探讨它们表达结果义的本质区别。“V到”的结果义是从表位移的结构直接进行整体发展而来，伴随着V与“到”的关系变化，“到”指向V的内部，所以“V到”的结果义也指向V；而“V出”的结果义是趋向动词“出”语义不断引申的结果，是“出”语义逐渐虚化而派生出的“结果”义，“V出”的结果义更倾向于指向N。不同的语法化机制也导致二者结果义内涵的差异。“V到”的结果义是指V到达“极量”，使得未发生的发生，未实现的实现，事态发生质的改变。“V出”的结果义则与“出”语义的引申息息相关，表达“从无到有，从隐到显”的结果。最后，文章探讨了二者在语义上的这种区别如何限定结构对V和宾语、副词的选择。
In the Modern Chinese language, both ‘v. Dao’ and ‘v. Chu’ has the meaning of result and they can be used alternatively. Whereas their collocations between verbs, objects, and adjectives are different in some ways. Both ‘v. Dao’ and ‘v. Chu’ is grammaticalized with the change of meaning, which is from displacement to result. Based on the different grammaticalization mechanisms of these two structures, this paper aims to study on how they express the meaning of result in two fundamentally different ways. The result of ‘v. Dao’ is developed from the whole structure of displacement directedly. Along with the change of the relation between v. and “Dao”, ‘Dao’ directs to v. internally, thus the result of ‘v. Dao’ also directs to v..On the other side, the result of ‘v. Chu’ is developed from the semantic extension of the directional verb ‘Chu’, as the meaning of ‘Chu’ kept bleaching and then derive the meaning of result. Therefore, the result of ‘v. Chu’ tends more to direct to n.. Different mechanisms of grammaticalization lead to different connotations of the two structures’ meaning of result. The result of ‘v. Dao’ refers to something happening or achieving when v. is maximized and then leads to qualitative change. The consequence of ‘v. Chu’ is closely connected to the semantic extension of ‘Chu’ and refers to the result which ‘develops from nothing’. At last, this paper explores how the semantic differences of the two structures limit their choice of objectives and adjectives for v.
키워드열기/닫기 버튼
‘v. Dao’,‘v. Chu’,meaning of result, grammaticalization, semantic orientation
