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This study proposes an effective data-building strategy for non-native voice data of Korean speech for automatic speech recognition. To maximize the effectiveness of this low-resource L2 data, we used a design methodology targeting major L1 speaker populations, specifying topic domains, and amplifying L1-based phonetic errors, and accordingly collected over 4300 hours of reading and free speech data from speakers of Chinese, English, Japanese, Thai, Vietnamese, and 62 other languages. This data set is expected to contribute significantly to error reduction in speech recognition and to future research and model development for the assessment and education of Korean.