초록 열기/닫기 버튼
이 논문은 송대 문인의 문구 수집 문화를 고찰한 것이다. 송대 이전, 종이⋅붓⋅벼루⋅먹을 소재로 한 문학작품은 수량이 많지 않았고 내용도 기록의 도구라는 점에 집중되었다. 문구는 감상의 용도가 아닌 실용품이었고 수집은 거의 없었다. 수집이 가능할 정도의 소비 규모와 시장이 형성되지 않았으며 품질도 감상과 품평을 할 수준에 도달하지 못했기 때문일 것이다. 송대에 이르러 수공업의 발달로 다양한 제품이 유통되면서 문인은 문구를 예술품처럼 감상하고 품평하기 시작했다. 이 논문은 벼루와 먹의 감상과 품평이 문인의 일상, 교류에 가져온 변화를 중심으로 고찰하였다. 첫째, 문구에 대한 애착과 수집의 정도가 ‘癖’이라 표현할 만큼 강했다는 것이다. 둘째, 장인의 이름이 상표처럼 사용되기 시작하면서 명품 인식이 형성되었다. 셋째, 문구는 문인 사이 교류의 중요한 매개가 되었다. 그리고 문인은 장인의 기술을 인정하였으며 그들과 교류하고 협업하였다. 문인은 문구의 감상과 품평을 ‘우리’만의 즐거움이자 ‘병(病)’으로 표현하였다. 이는 문구에 대한 애착을 문인만의 특별함으로 간주했음을 의미하며, 이러한 인식으로 인해 문구는 점차 ‘고상한 문인’의 표상으로 자리 잡게 되었다.
This paper examines the aesthetic appreciation and collection of stationery of the Song Dynasty literati. Prior to this era, there had been only a few literary works which had explicitly affirmed items such as paper, writing brushes, inkstones and ink sticks, and they had mainly focused on their use as tools of transcription. Stationery had not been seen as something that could be appreciated aesthetically, in itself, but rather as merely practical, and had therefore rarely been collected. This may be both because the use of stationery was not widespread enough to make it easily collectible, and its quality had not reached a level that made it worth evaluating and appreciating aesthetically. However, in the Song Dynasty, with the development of the handicraft industry and the resultant increase in the distribution of various stationery products, writers began to assess such items as they would art works. This paper focuses on changes in the daily lives of writers and in the exchanges between them caused by this new focus on inkstones and ink sticks. The findings of this study can be summarized as follows. First, the degree of the Song literati’s fascination with stationery was strong enough to be described as an obsession. Second, the names of the craftsmen who made this stationery functioned as trademarks on these objects, and the perception arose of a hierarchy among items of stationery, with some being viewed as masterpieces. As a result of recognizing these skills, writers began to engage in exchanges with craftsmen, and to collaborate with them. Third, stationery became an important medium of exchange between writers. They described their appreciation and evaluation of such items as a source of joy and an “obsession” that was exclusive to them. This demonstrates that they regarded their affection for stationery as a special characteristic that was limited to them, and this perception positioned stationery as a symbol of the sophistication of the literati.
키워드열기/닫기 버튼
Four Treasures of Study, Song literati, Inkstick, Inkstone, Obsession
文房四寶, 宋代 文人, 硯, 墨, 癖
