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Agriculture contributes to economic growth by supplying raw materials, capital, and labor to other industries as well as the fundamental function of food production. This study empirically analyzed the relationship between agricultural development and economic growth. As a result of analyzing countries grouped by income level and agricultural conditions, the analysis detected apparent differences in directions of causality between agricultural development and economic growth. For sustainable agriculture, policies according to national characteristics should be sought to strengthen interconnection between agricultural and non-agricultural sectors, activating agriculturerelated industries, expanding the scope of agriculture, creation high value-added in agriculture.