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This study aims to review speaking and writing connections in L2 and discusses how multimodality is related to speaking and writing connections. The paper opens with a brief history of speaking and writing connections in the fields of both L1 and L2. Next, some major theoretical approaches related to speaking and writing connections are discussed. Following that, the major literature in the area is presented and discussed with a primary focus on L2 research. Additionally, the influence of speaking and writing modalities on each other, is presented by discussing writing-to-speak and speaking-to-write. Next, multimodal movement and the relationships between multimodality and speaking and writing connections are discussed. This study also investigates how multimodality is applied in speaking and writing connections scholarship. Finally, the future direction and pedagogical implications are provided.
