초록 열기/닫기 버튼
The purpose of this dissertation is to extract the schematic meanings of the Korean particles ‘e’ (‘에’) and ‘eseo’ (‘에서’), which are used to express various spatial relations, from the cognitive linguistic perspective. Ultimately, this dissertation aims to identify the linguistic motivation of grammatical forms, i.e., why or when they are used. The schematic meaning, or the base meaning, refers to the conceptual, context-free, single, common, and underlying meaning. The scope of the research is restricted to cases wherein forms are used to express a physical space, which exclude the discussion of the semantic extension process. Despite existing literature on the cognitive linguistic perspective that discussed the schematic meaning from various approaches and wherein the image schema is introduced as an analysis tool, there remains a lack of understanding of the commonality inherent in the multiple meanings of each form and the relatedness among them. To address this issue, first, there should be a shift from the present segmental dictionary view of thinking that focuses on the specificity of meaning, i.e., distinct meanings of each form. In most cases, distinct meanings and their image schemas are simply enumerated. However, from the encyclopedic view, it is natural that distinct meanings differ in consideration of various factors/variables. And it turned out that those senses (physical spaces) are members of a category with equal status. Also, many studies implied that there is a continuity between the phases of our movement; however, the image schemas of each particle tend to be presented separately, not in integrated ways. To be specific, a study from the structural linguistic approach successfully extracted the base meaning of ‘eseo’ but was not able to describe the schematization, or the process of extracting a unified concept from distinct meanings. Second, methods introduced in the analyses of image schemas should be examined. Although it is critical to apply image schema transformations, strict enforcement of such was not required in the analyses. Consequently, it became impossible to describe the natural continuity of movement. To accomplish these two tasks, this study focused on the generality of meaning and performed research at a more general level. The schema or thoughts shared by the Korean language community, as reflected in the two forms, were described. Moreover, the process of how various spatial relations are perceived, construed, and structured during conceptualization was delineated, based on the notion that meaning is equated with conceptualization and that the meaning is a construal of the conceptualizer. As a first step, people’s physical daily movements and some natural phenomena that are relative to the two particles were postulated. From an encyclopedic view, there should be a common, recurring structure(a structure of sensory-motor experience) manifested in seemingly different events. This study argues that the conceptualizer recognizes a trajector (TR) that consists of the phases of approaching–contacting–entering–settling–pause/standstill and the END point in the phenomenon associated with ‘e,’ and another TR that consists of the phases of interior activity–exiting–separating–withdrawing and the START point in the phenomenon associated with ‘eseo.’ To determine the validity of the assumptions, image schemas that are abstract and conceptual representations stored in the mind were presented by context. In particular, by strictly applying image transformations and showing integrated image schemas, this study graphically and clearly showed the continuity between the motion schema PATH·GOAL(Inbound Path) and the static state in the landmark(LM), and the dynamic state in the LM and the motion schema SOURCE-PATH(Outbound Path), and a cessation between the two TRs/trajectories. It argued that the conceptualizer construes that the TR finally pauses at the end point regardless of whether it is a contacting, settling, or standstill point, and it starts moving from the start point whether it moves inside the LM or it moves out of its boundary. It also revealed that continuity is directly reflected in the manners of how words are connected (word order or word formation). Although there are some image schemas that are somewhat different from the others, this study argued that the conceptualizer considers this as a negligible difference because he or she pays more attention to the commonalty: they share the TR which can be considered the same and have the END point/START point. Based on the image schema analysis, this study suggested a cognitive model for each particle that can be roughly applied to all image schemas. From each cognitive model, the schematic meaning of each form was drawn (e.g., there is an end point or a start point in the movement). The linguistic motivations in which the speaker uses ‘e’ when he or she is conscious of an end point and ‘eseo’ when he or she is conscious of a start point were also clarified. Moreover, the conceptual structures of the forms following the schematic network model explaining the relation between the schematic meaning and contextual meanings were described as well. Finally, by comparison of the different image schemas of the two forms, the alternate use of “e” and “eseo” to describe the same scene depending on the perspective or construal in particular situations was elucidated. As a result, it is certain that each cognitive model, although idealized, can play a role of standard for determining the appropriateness of a form. Following the cognitive linguistic perspective and methodology thoroughly, this study illustrates, to some degree, the descriptive and explanatory power of cognitive linguistics, which argues that the meanings of language are based on our physical experience, and that language structures reflect our system of thinking by clarifying unified concepts and linguistic motivations. Because the scope of the study was limited, future studies can focus on an enriched account of Korean polysemous grammatical forms by also highlighting the generality of meaning.
키워드열기/닫기 버튼
Linguistic Motivation, Schematic Meaning, Conceptualization, Image Schemas, Cognitive Model
