초록 열기/닫기 버튼
본 연구는 일본 사회에서 재일기업을 설립한 재일제주인 기업가가 어떠한 경영이념을 갖고 경영활동을 영위했는지에 대해 규명하는데 있다. 본고에서는 경영이념 유형별에 따른 재일제주인 기업가별 특성(출생시기별, 출신지역별, 학력별, 경영형태별, 기업가 유형별)을 고찰하였는데, 분석에 대한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 표본 특성을 살펴보면, 출생시기는 1930∼1939년이 25명(30.1%), 출신지역은 북제주군이 33명(39.8%), 학력은 대졸이 43명(51.8%), 경영형태는 주식회사가 67명(80.7%), 기업가 유형은 사업전업이 32명(38.6%)으로 가장 높은 비율을 나타냈다. 둘째, 출생시기별 특성을 살펴보면, 자계형은 1930년 이전, 1930∼1939년, 1940∼1949년 출생한 비율이 높게 나타났지만 규범형은 1950년 이후 출생한 비율이 상대적으로 높게 나타났다. 셋째, 출신지역별 특성을 살펴보면, 자계형은 제주도 모든 지역에서 그 비율이 높게 나타났지만, 규범형과 방침형은 제주시와 북제주군 출신의 비율이 개방형에 비해 약간 높은 비율을 나타냈다. 넷째, 학력별 특성을 살펴보면, 자계형은 대졸과 고졸 출신이 높은 비율을 보였지만 규범형과 방침형은 자계형 다음으로 대졸 출신 비율이 상대적으로 약간 높게 나타났다. 다섯째, 경영형태별 특성을 살펴보면, 자계형은 주식회사가 상대적으로 높은 비율을 보였지만 자계형과 규범형은 개인경영의 비율이 동등하게 나타났다. 여섯째, 기업가 유형별 특성을 살펴보면, 자계형은 규범형, 방침형, 개방형 경영이념에 비해 사업전업이나 사업전향, 가업계승 비율이 높게 나타났다. 따라서 본 조사에서는 재일제주인 기업가의 경영이념 유형이 기업가별 특성에 유의한 영향을 미친다는 사실을 보여주었다. 특히 모든 경영이념 유형은 자계형 비율이 규범형, 방침형, 개방형에 비해 상대적으로 높은 특성을 나타내고 있다. 이러한 현상은 재일제주인 자신들의 갖고 있는 사고(가훈, 신조, 이념, 철학 등)를 바탕으로 노력, 신용, 성실, 근면, 인내, 약속, 신념 등 기업가 자신만이 지니고 있는 행동상의 자계와 후계자에 대한 교훈이나 모범을 나타내는 기능을 가지면서 스스로의 자세와 언동을 강하게 구속하는 성격의 경영이념을 가졌던 것이다.
The purpose of this study is to investigate what management philosophies Jeju entrepreneurs residing in Japan, who established companies in Japanese society, had for carrying out management activities. This study examined the characteristics—by time of birth, by native place, by level of education, by business type and by type of entrepreneur—of each Jeju entrepreneur residing in Japan, according to type of management philosophy. The analysis results can be summarized as follows. First, according to the characteristics of the samples, for time of birth, 25 people (30.1%) responded they were born between 1930 and 1939; for native place, 33 people (39.8%) reported to have been from Bukjeju-gun(North Jeju-gun); 43 people(51.8%) responded university graduates in terms of level of education; 67 people(80.7%) answered corporation for business type, and 32 people(38.6%) answered full-time entrepreneur for type of entrepreneur, all showing the highest ratio respectively. Second, according to the characteristics by time of birth, the ratio of births before 1930, between 1930 and 1939 and between 1940 and 1949 was high for self-discipline type, while the ratio of birth after 1950 was relatively high for norm type. Third, according to the characteristics by native place, the ratio of all areas in Jeju-do was high for self-discipline type, while the ratio of Jeju city and Bukjeju-gun origin was slightly higher for norm type and policy type than open type. Fourth, according to the characteristics by level of education, the ratio of university graduate and high school graduate was high for self-discipline type, whereas the ratio of university graduate was relatively and slightly higher for norm type and policy type following self-discipline type. Fifth, in terms of business type, the ratio of corporation was relatively high for self-discipline type, but the ratios of private management type were the same for self-discipline type and norm type. Sixth, according to the characteristics by type of entrepreneur, the ratio of full-time entrepreneur, conversion to business, and family business succession was higher for self-discipline type, in comparison with norm type, policy type and open type management philosophies. Therefore, the results of this study showed that the type of management philosophy of minority Jeju entrepreneurs residing in Japan had a significant effect on the characteristics by entrepreneur. In particular, among all types of management philosophy, the ratio of self-discipline type was found to have been relatively higher than those of norm type, policy type and open type. This indicated that Jeju entrepreneurs residing in Japan had the management philosophy to restrain their own posture, speech and behaviors and, at the same time, provide their unique moral lessons or set examples to their heirs and display their self-discipline to their behaviors including efforts, credibility, sincerity, diligence, patience, promise and faiths based on their own thinking (family motto, principles, ideas, philosophy, etc.).
키워드열기/닫기 버튼
Minority, Jeju Residing in Japan, Entrepreneur, Management Philosophy.
