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On 8 May 2018, following the withdraw from the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA), the United States announced they will no longer waive their national restrictive measures relating to Iran. Some of those measures have extra-territorial application and cause adverse effects on the interests of the European Union and the interests of natural and legal persons exercising rights under the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union. The European Union acknowledged that by their extra-territorial application, such instruments violate international law. Therefore, in June 2018, the European Union counteracts the effects of this extra-territorial application of laws, including regulations and other legislative instruments adopted by third countries, and of actions based thereon or resulting therefrom, where such application affects the interests of natural and legal persons in the EU engaging in international trade and/or the movement of capital and related commercial activities between the Union and third countries. The article gives a general overview on the relevant EU legislation and discusses the violation of international law by the extra-territorial application.
