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Intangible cultural heritage plays an immeasurablerole in the existence, continuation and development ofcommunities. Intergenerational transmission helps tostrengthen the bond between people. The first legallybinding act of international law concerning this issue isthe UNESCO Convention for the Safeguarding of IntangibleCultural Heritage of 2003. This article discusses the roleand the significance of Cracovian nativity scenes forthe local community, for whom they represent a ‘living’tradition. Cracovian nativity scenes, inscribed on theUNESCO Representative List of the Intangible CulturalHeritage of Humanity in 2018, are the first Polish entry onthe List. The issues discussed include perspectives on theprinciple of sustainable development in the cultural sectorand present the challenges of safeguarding intangibleheritage in the context of increasing commercialisationand globalisation.
