초록 열기/닫기 버튼
Yeondeunghoe and Palgwanhoe of Silla seemed to have the limited functions in the religious ritual level by the Buddhist sector, not a national ritual under Goryeo. Chaotic situations of later part of Silla such as ‘Rebellion of Wonjong and Aeno’ and so forth brings out such a situation, which is attributable to the fact that the extreme situations could be prevented for certain degree by relieving the social conflicts through the social homogeneity had the national rituals with the commoners as the constituents been actively facilitated. Perhaps it may be related to the fact that there was no record found in 「Jesaji」 of the 『Record of Three Kingdom』 that recorded the ceremonial practice of Silla. For the case of Palgwanhoe, it was the memorial service in praying for national defense and protection that it was not a celebration with the entertainment purpose. From the local political forces grown at the end of Silla, Gung-ye stood out. Notwithstanding the fact that he was a member of the royal family of Silla, he founded a nation, which was considered as a result of accommodating the demand of those commoners. He utilized the Palgwanhoe ritual that was practiced in private sector to reflect the strong demand for reformation, and it is closely related to the fact that had taken over as the ruler of the region even for just a brief moment. In the point that perhaps the adverse perception on Silla was strong, there would be certain limit for full succession of Silla-like elements and there should have unique ritual of its own to be reflected. However, it may be assessed positively in the point that the Palgwanhoe of the ancient time that was limited to the Buddhist ritual was facilitated for certain role in the process of converting into medieval national ritual of the Goryeo society. King Taejo who founded Goryeo reflected the trend and public sentiment of the regional societies in the divided period of the Post Three Kingdom to hold Palgwanhoe, and Palgwanhoe was the sublimation process from the religious ritual to the national ritual. The pertinent records related to 『Goryeosa』, 「Yeji」 and 「Yeobokji」 clearly displayed the national characteristics of medieval Goryeo. The records did not reflect the King Taejo reign, but its origin could be found in the King Taejo reign. King Taejo determined to strictly observe Yeondeunghoe and Palgwanhoe with its intention to integrate the dissipated sentiments of the post-Three-Kingdom Era, and it reflected the traditional religious system in the aspect of national reconstruction that it was intended to establish Palgwanhoe of Goryeo. Palgwanhoe that started from the Buddhist ritual with the memorial service characteristics of Silla’s King Jinheung-wang displays that it had grown one step higher as part of the national order. After King Hyeonjong was enthroned, Yeondeunghoe and Palgwanhoe were revived. On top of its willingness to practice the independent rituals, the second invasion of Khitan seemed to influence in revival and the characteristics for Palgwanhoe seemed to purport for nation protection that was pertinent to such occasion. Palgwanhoe that functioned as the medium of convergence and unity of the Goryeo society displayed the global openness. Foreigners that had paid tribute to Palgwanhoe displayed the external characteristics and status in symbolic ways. Exchanges with merchants of the Song Dynasty(宋商), Jurchen(女眞), and Tamra(耽羅) verify the formation of such an inter- national order. With the exception of Goryeo, it formed international rituals for surrounding nations and peoples and it was facilitated as the basis to establish its own identity. It was an occasion of harmony for all people of Goryeo and the Goryeo-oriented multilateral view of world was realized through this international ritual.
키워드열기/닫기 버튼
Yeondeunghoe, Palgwanhoe, religious ritual, national ritual, multilateral view of world.
