A Comprehensive Review of the Inscriptions on Roof Tiles Excavated in the Goryeo Dynasty Period’s Castle

This study examines the inscriptions on roof tiles excavated in the Goryeo Dynasty period’s castle, especially focusing on the ones about Myeon(面). In the inscriptions of Bangwi-myeon(方位面), there are the points that its Bangwi-myeon coincides with the position of excavating point, or does not. Among the inscriptions about Myeon, there is also the case of Dodong-myeon(桃東面), apart from of Bangwi-myeon. I have assumed that the existence of Bangwi-myeon appeared in the Goryeo’s roof tiles was related to the enforcement of the Myeon and Ri system(面里制). There have been a argument against my interpretation. The counterview is that the inscriptions of Bangwi- myeon indicate a particular azimuth orientation of the building roofed with tiles or a certain area embraced in the process of the fortress construction. In my review, however, that is unconvincing. Although there remains a large difficulty in verifying the historical sources that show the existence of Ri(里) and the relation between Myeon and Ri, this needs to be examined through the future excavation cases. In the Chisoseong(治所城) of Dongpyeong-hyeon(東平縣) and Gijang- hyeon(機張縣), no roof tiles inscribed with their own Gun‧Hyeon(郡縣) names were excavated, but all tiles carved with the azimuth plane of Dongnae-gun(東萊郡) were unearthed. In the Chisoseong of Hoewon- hyeon(會原縣), the roof tiles inscribed with the other names such as Uichun(宜春) and Hadong(河東) were excavated. These cases show that when the question arose as to prepare the roof tiles for certain reasons in building the Chisoseong in the Goryeo period, it was possible to get a supply of them from geographically adjacent Gun‧Hyeon, regardless of the relations of Juhyeon(主縣)-Sokyeon(屬縣) and Gyesugwan(界首官) on the local administrative network. The relations of Dongpyeong- hyeon and Gijang-hyeon with Dongnae-gun were the case. As in the cases of Hoewon-hyeon and Hadong-gun, when they were supplied with the roof tiles produced in a faraway other area, a leading commander of the center army such as Jiyu(指諭) was detached and dealt with it. In addition, the inscriptions indicating a variety of things were also excavated：the government, the building of the government office, and the government post and position；the people mobilized in the fortress construction, the organization and area of labor；the particular temples and the Buddhists, the luckiness images, the person’s names and so on.