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This article compares annotations of the scholars of Song Dynasty and Wei Jin Guo Xiang’s annotations about the Zhuang Zi･The Adjustment of Controversies. Scholars of Song Dynasty wanted to discover Confucianism meaning form Zhuang Zi, and wanted to establish new annotation works on “the Creator”･“Those of Heaven”･“judgments of the predetermined mind” ･“bringing the (proper) light (of the mind) to bear on them”, which can be differentiated form Guo Xiang’s annotations. Guo Xiang’s metaphysics argued that it was necessary to take a stance in the nature-designated region in order to avoid the obsession, also to accomplish free and unfettered status. But the Song Dynasty Scholars, as they are called as literati and officialdom, intended to define so called “the principle of heaven” in the Zhuang Zi, as the creation and ruling of all things. They believed that people only through the recognition of “the principle of heaven”, the argument against each other can be resolved, and the harmonization with social rules can be achieved. The reason why Song Dynasty Scholars had this view, is that they believed scholar must actively do something to accomplish world`s harmony, which is established by Cosmic Order, so they wanted to find these things in Zhuang Zi. As they are half-literati, and half-officialdom, and it is hard for them to admit Guo Xiang’s theory, which is regarded as suitable means for nobleman’s way of live, who lived in Wei Jin Dynasty. Although we can give our approval to Song Dynasty Scholar’s constructive criticism about Zhuang Zi, which propagates running away from social duty, but it is not fair to define his book as an extreme individualism, regarding other people as resource to achieve one’s own goal. It is better to interpret his work as a resistant to totalitarianism to protect the value of the individual.
