Modern Age Industrial Heritage and Urban Regeneration in Japan - Focused on Tomioka Silk Mill and Related Sites -

本稿は、2014年４月に日本の「近代化産業遺産」としてははじめてUNESCO世界文化遺産に登載された富岡製糸場と絹産業遺産群を通じて日本の近代化産業遺産と都市再生の関係を考察したことである。まず、富岡市が1972年に開催した「日本近代産業発祥100年祭」をきっかけで、富岡製糸場が非西欧圈で唯一に「近代化」に成功した国家というプロパガンダーが投影された最初の「近代化遺産」として認識される過程を確認した。また、富岡製糸場の保存をめぐる富岡市と片倉工業社の対立、そして世界遺産登録のための「街つくり」計画推進と地域住民の積極的な参与及び協力は核心的観点から分析されてきた日本の街つくりとは、その内容が全く異なる、むしろ官よりも住民が歴史的公共性をもって私的所有権者を圧迫して推進された、所謂官民一体型の街つくりの事例であることを確認した。

This study investigated the relationship between modern age industrial heritage and urban regeneration in Japan through Tomioka Silk Mill and related sites (富岡製糸場と絹産業遺産群) registered in the UNESCO World Cultural Heritage Sites for the first time as a ‘modern age industrial heritage’ of Japan in April 2014. First, this study investigated the process in which with the ‘Centenary Celebration for the Conception of Japanese Modern Industry’ held by Tomioka City in 1972 as a momentum, Tomioka Silk Mill became perceived as the first ‘modernized heritage’ in which the propaganda that Japan was the only country that succeeded in ‘modernization’ in the non-Western world was reflected. In addition, this study found out that it was an example of the so-called Machizukuri by the united efforts of officials and people, promoted as the residents rather pressed the right of private ownership, just as good as the government, using historical publicness as a weapon, judging from the characteristics, totally different from the contents of Machizukuri in Japan, which has been analyzed from the innovative perspective, such as the conflict between Tomioka City and Katakura Industries surrounding the preservation of the Tomioka Silk Mill, the promotion of a plan for ‘Machizukuri’ to register it as a world heritage and the active participation and cooperation of the local residents.