초록 열기/닫기 버튼
‘전국민 과학화운동’은 1973년 박정희의 연두기자회견에서 제기되어 본격화된 과학기술 대중화운동이다. 과학기술처는 이미 추진하고 있던 ‘과학기술 풍토조성사업’의 일부로 이를 받아들였으며, 일반 시민을 대상으로 하는 계몽사업 이외에 과학기술자들의 전문적 활동을 지원하는 것까지를 과학화운동으로 포함했다. 과학기술자들의 대의기구인 한국과학기술단체총연합회(과총)는 ‘과학관료’를 자처한 과학기술처 장관 최형섭을 매개로, 새마을기술봉사단을 실행기구로 삼아 전국민 과학화운동에 적극 참여하면서 자신들의 존재 가치를 보이고자 했다. 결국 과학화운동의 주체이자 수혜자였던 과총은 그 역할을 인정받고 정부의 지원을 이끌어내 숙원사업인 과학기술회관을 준공했으며, 오랫동안 주장했던 한국과학재단도 설립되었다. 결국 전국민 과학화운동은 ‘위로부터의 과학문화운동’이었지만 동시에 과학기술자를 위한, 과학기술자의 ‘아래로부터의 과학정치운동’이기도 했다.
The ‘Pan-national Scientification Movement’ was a science and technology popularization movement that was proposed in President Park Chung Hee’s press conference at the beginning of 1973 and subsequently became full-fledged. The South Korean Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST) embraced it as a part of the ‘scientific and technological climate creation project’ that was already under way and encompassed within this scientification movement not only enlightenment projects targeting the public but also support for scientists’ and engineers’ professional activities. With the Minister of Science and Technology Choi Hyung Sup, who styled himself a ‘scientific bureaucrat,’ as a medium and with the Saemaul (“New Village”) Technical Service Corps as the executive organ, the Korean Federation of Science and Technology Societies (KOFST), the representative organ of scientists and engineers in South Korea, sought to demonstrate their while actively participating in the Pan-national Scientification Movement. In the end, the KOFST, simultaneously the main actor and beneficiary of the scientification movement, was acknowledged for its roles and won the government’s support, thus bringing about the construction of the Korea Science Building, its long-cherished project, and the long-demanded establishment of the Korea Science and Engineering Foundation (KOSEF). Though the Pan-national Scientification Movement ultimately was a ‘top-down movement for scientific culture’, it was at the same time a ‘bottom-up movement for scientific politics’ for and by scientists and engineers as well.
키워드열기/닫기 버튼
Pan-national Scientification Movement, scientific and technological climate creation project, Korean Federation of Science and Technology Societies (KOFST), Choi Hyung Sup, Saemaul (“New Village”) Technical Service Corps.
