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최근 우리나라의 도시 및 상업지역에 젠트리피케이션의 긍정적․부정적 영향으로 관심이 증가함에 따라 젠트리피케이션과 관련한 많은 연구들이 수행되고 있다. 이에 본 연구는 젠트리피케이션 관련 연구 동향을 살펴봄으로써 연구의개괄적인 흐름과 문제점을 파악하고, 보다 실질적이고 효율적인 향후 연구방향을 제시하고자 하였다. 연구의 목적을 위하여 1997년부터 2016년 12월 31일까지 국내 학술지(KCI)에 게재된 젠트리피케이션 관련 연구논문 78편을 연구대상으로 선정하였으며, 연구분야, 연구방법, 연구주제, 연구대상지와 이해당사자 등을 중심으로 유목화 하여 연구논문의 내용분석을 하였다. 지난 약 20년간의 젠트리피케이션과 관련한 연구동향을 살펴본 결과, 첫째, 젠트리피케이션과 관련한 최초의 연구는 박경원(1989)의『'젠트리피케이션(Gentrification)'과 合同再開發의 比較分析』연구이고, 본격적인 연구시기는1997년부터 2006년은 도입단계로 젠트리피케이션 이론과 적용에 관련된 논의가 많았다. 2007년부터 2014년은 형성단계로 젠트리피케이션 외국사례 연구와 발생요인과 변화양상에 대한 논의가 약간 증가세를 보였다. 2015년 이후는확산단계로 젠트리피케이션과 관련한 논의가 모든 주제에서 비약적으로 증가하였는데, 이는 젠트리피케이션과 관련한 사회적 문제와 미디어 노출로 인해 사회적 관심이 증대되어 연구주제로 확산된 것으로 판단된다. 둘째, 연구주제는 젠트리피케이션 변화양상과 발생요인을 중심으로 한 연구가 주를 이루고 있었고, 연구분야는 지리학, 지역개발, 경제학, 관광학 등의 사회과학 분야를 중심으로연구되었다. 연구방법에 있어서는 질적연구와 기술연구가 높게 나타났다. 셋째, 연구대상지는 수도권의 주거 및 상업지역인 강남, 이태원, 삼청동 등이 중심이었고, 그 외에 지방의 대도시로 광범위하게 확산되고 있었다. 연구대상은 젠트리피케이션 발생요인과 변화양상에 직․간접으로 관계가 많은 상업인과 문화예술가, 그리고 지역주민을 중심으로 연구되었다. 젠트리피케이션 관련 현상과 영향으로 인해 도시사회학분야의 역할과 중요성이 크게 강조되고 있는 현 시점에서 지금까지의 젠트리피케이션에 관한 연구동향을 전반적으로 살펴본 바에 의하면, 향후 젠트리피케이션 관련 연구영역이보다 다양하고 광범위하게 확산됨에 따라 보다 심층적이고 실용적인 연구로진행되어야 할 것이다.
As interest has recently grown due to a positive․negative effect of gentrification on urban area and business section in Korea, many studies relating to gentrification have been carried out. Hence, this article was intended to grasp overall flow and issues in study and suggest a more practical and efficient research direction in the future by examining getrification-related research trend. For the purpose of study, 78 research papers relating to gentrification, which were listed in Korea Citation Index (KCI) from 1997 to 31 December 2016, were selected as research subjects. And a content analysis of research paper was conducted, focusing on fields of research, research method, research topic, research site and stakeholders, etc. The results of examining the trends of researches relating to gentrification, which were carried out for the last approximately 10 years, were as follows. First, the first study relating to gentrification was 『'A comparative analysis of gentrification and joint redevelopment』 conducted by Kyungwon Park. And with regard to period of serious study, it was introductory stage from 1997 to 2006, and there were many discussions relating to gentrification theory and application. And it was formative stage from 2007 to 2014, and it was shown that there was a slight increase in the amount of discussion about case study of gentrification in foreign countries, cause of occurrence, and pattern of change. It was a spreading stage after 2015, and there was a drastic increase in the amount of discussion on all topics relating to gentrification, It is thought that this was spread as research topic because public attention increased due to gentrification-related social problem and media exposure. Second, with regard to research topics, researches were mainly composed of those focusing on pattern of gentrification occurrence and cause of occurrence. And with regard to fields of research, studies were made, focusing on social science fields such as geography, regional development, economics and tourism science. In research method, it was shown that there was a large amount of qualitative research and descriptive research. Third, Sites to be studied were around Gangnam, Itaewon and Samcheong-dong, residential and business section in the national capital region, In addition, it is spreading widely as a big city in the province. Stakeholders were culture-maker and merchant, local resident. According to examining the trends of researches on gentrification as a whole, which have been carried out so far, at this point in time when the role and impotance of urban sociology is greatly emphasized due to gentrification-related phenomenon and effect, the research areas relating to gentrification should be developed into more profound and practical research, as those expand more diversely and widely in the future. Besides, it is thought that those should be developed into research on community building in consideration of change and characteristics of community that local community is composed of.
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Gentrification, Classification Process, Korea Citation Index, Stakeholders
