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In Romeo and Juliet, Shakespeare’s use of literary devices such as paradox, irony, and contrast as well as stage techniques are designed to enhance characterization of the lovers and intensify the tragedy itself. This is also the reason that Shakespeare expanded the characterization of the Nurse and Mercutio; they are to act as contrasts to Romeo and Juliet not only to further the plot but also to enhance their love. The contrast between Romeo’s infatuation with Rosaline and his love for Juliet can be detected in his rhetoric as well. Furthermore, the dramatist interposes between the description of Romeo’s seemingly false dream and the contrasting tragic events, the true dream of his servant Balthasar. The characters are not conscious necessarily of the symbolic import of their speech; this makes the dramatic irony all the more intense. The cluster of meanings—cultural and symbolic—reaches deeply into the play. The literary as well as stage techniques are designed to insinuate that the lovers will consummate their love in the other world though they may seem to have succumbed to their fate in this world.
