초록 열기/닫기 버튼
This paper aims to trace how the auxiliaries of four languages (English, German, French and Arabic) are varied and to study what significant similarities and differences of four languages are found based on the typology. English auxiliaries have NICE property (Negative marker, Invert, Code position, Emphasis), while the other three languages show various properties. As main verbs do, auxiliaries of four languages also specify grammatical meanings such as tense, aspect, and modality. The origins of auxiliaries are universal: auxiliaries are developed from main verbs but as time goes by their original meanings have gradually faded away.
