현대사회는 상담에 대한 요구가 급증함에 따라 상담학이 새로이 정립되고 있는 상황이다. 이러한 맥락에서 본 논문은 “상담철학”의 새로운 과제에 초석을 다지기 위한 작업의 일환으로 상담에 전제가 되는 인간관과 세계관을 논의한다. 우선적으로 2장에서는 정신분석에서 다루어지는 무의식, 본능과 쇼펜하우어 사상에서의 의지의 연관성을 밝혀본다. 3장에서는 상담의 인지적 접근, 즉 벡의 인지치료와 엘리스의 합리정서행동치료의 근원적 배경이 되는 소크라테스의 대화에 대해서 알아보고자 한다. 나아가 4장에서는 상담의 실존주의적 접근이 태동하게 된 문제의식을 밝혀보고 난 뒤, 하이데거의 인간관과 세계관에 주목하면서 실존주의 심리치료와 인간중심치료의 근간이 되는 실존주의 사상을 고찰하고자 한다. 그리하여 본 논문은 오늘날의 상담 및 심리치료의 근본전제가 되는 인간관과 세계관을 탐색함으로써 내담자과 상담자 모두에게 필요한 철학적 자양분을 제공할 것이며, 나아가 학제적인 관심과 더불어 오늘날 철학의 새로운 쓰임을 위한 발판을 마련할 것이다

A science of counseling emerged recently as a new field in responds to the rapidly growing demand for counseling in contemporary society. In this context, the purpose of this article is to lay the foundation for a new discipline of a “philosophy of counseling”. This article examines human understanding and also worldview that are required for counseling and psychotherapy. First, I attempt to investigate how the unconsciousness and instinct of Freud’s psychoanalysis are related to the will of Schopenhauer’s thought. And I examine Socratic dialogue, which is the original basis of Beck’s cognitive therapy and Ellis’s rational emotive behavior therapy. Finally, I introduce the background for the beginning of existential approaches in counseling and psychotherapy, and then investigate existentialism itself as a base of existential psychotherapy and person-centered therapy, focusing on Heidegger’s human understanding and his view of the world. I hope that both counselor and client receive philosophical nourishment by investigating human understanding and worldview that are the fundamental premise of contemporary counseling and psychotherapy. Furthermore, I pave the way for the contemporary use of philosophy with an interdisciplinary interest.

A science of counseling emerged recently as a new field in responds to the rapidly growing demand for counseling in contemporary society. In this context, the purpose of this article is to lay the foundation for a new discipline of a “philosophy of counseling”. This article examines human understanding and also worldview that are required for counseling and psychotherapy. First, I attempt to investigate how the unconsciousness and instinct of Freud’s psychoanalysis are related to the will of Schopenhauer’s thought. And I examine Socratic dialogue, which is the original basis of Beck’s cognitive therapy and Ellis’s rational emotive behavior therapy. Finally, I introduce the background for the beginning of existential approaches in counseling and psychotherapy, and then investigate existentialism itself as a base of existential psychotherapy and person-centered therapy, focusing on Heidegger’s human understanding and his view of the world. I hope that both counselor and client receive philosophical nourishment by investigating human understanding and worldview that are the fundamental premise of contemporary counseling and psychotherapy. Furthermore, I pave the way for the contemporary use of philosophy with an interdisciplinary interest.

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Freud’s Unconsciousness, Schopenhauer’s Will, Cognitive Therapy, Socratic Dialogue, Existential Psychotherapy, Person-centered Therapy, Heidegger’s Human Understanding and Worldview