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Tonsillectomy is one of the most common procedures performed by an otorhinolaryngologist. Postoperative hemorrhage anddehydration are two of the most common complications, but glossopharyngeal neuralgia is an unusual complication encounteredin tonsillectomy. Glossopharyngeal neuralgia is characterized by paroxysms of ipsilateral and severe lancinating pain occurring inthe distribution of the nerve. The pain may be spontaneous or precipitated by a variety of actions that stimulate the region suppliedby the glossopharyngeal nerve namely yawning, coughing, swallowing and talking. The proximity between the glossopharyngealnerve and the tonsillar fossa suggests that dissection in the correct surgical plane during tonsillectomy is important for avoidinginjury to the glossopharyngeal nerve. Glossopharyngeal neuralgia after tonsillectomy is induced by intraoperative cauterization,nerve compression or iatrogenic trauma. Management of glossopharyngeal neuralgia induced by tonsillectomy should be given atrial of anti-convulsant medication like carbamazepine or glossopharyngeal nerve resection. A case of glossopharyngeal neuralgiacaused by tonsillectomy was experienced by a 29-year-old man, and this case was reported and its aetiology was discussed.(Korean J Otolaryngol 2006;49:571-4)