초록 열기/닫기 버튼
Evelyn Baring, the Earl of Cromer was appointed Consul General in 1883 and remained until May, 1907, as the virtual ruler of Egypt. He ruled Egypt without any legal justification for his or for his government’s physical occupation of Egypt for about twenty-five years, during which time he strove, of his own volition or at the behest of his government, to improve, reform and otherwise guide Egypt into modernity. And he resigned in 1907 and wrote Modern Egypt in 1908 in other to explain “the results which have accrued to Egypt from the British occupation of the country in 1882.” The meaning of the book title, “Modern Egypt,” therefore, is that his reforms modernized Egypt. This research examines the characteristics of the modernization reforms of the Egyptian state by Lord Cromer on three subjects: the judicial reform, the abolition of the corvée, and the industrialization of Egypt. Lord Cromer tried to organize a judicial system which, as he put it, “would protect the Egyptian people against an arbitrary abuse of authority.” But the judicial reforms were also attempts to lay the foundation of British rule in Egypt and to exclude the other European powers, notably France. The abolition of the corvée was motivated more by economics than by ideology. And Lord Cromer was opposed to the creation of Egyptian cotton industry. It is clear that he and the British administration did not desire the industrialization of Egypt.
키워드열기/닫기 버튼
Lord Cromer, Modern Egypt, Judicial Reform, Corvée, Cotton
