An Influence of Aerobic Exercise for Obese Students with Mental Retardation on Their Body composition, Anthropometry, Cardiopulmonary Endurance and Training Avoidance

본 연구는 트레드밀을 이용한 유산소운동이 비만정신지체학생의 신체구성과 신체둘레 및 피하지방, 심폐지구력에 미치는 효과를 알아보고, 운동활동 중 운동회피의 변화를 알아보기 위하여 사전․사후검사법과 준거변경설계방법을 사용하여 수행되었다. 연구대상은 특수학교 재학 중인 정신지체 남학생 10명으로 15주 동안 총42회기의 유산소운동프로그램을 실시하였다. 연구결과 첫째, 유산소운동이 비만정신지체 학생들의 체중, 지방량, 지방률의 감소와, 체수분량의 증가에는 효과적이었으나 근육량과 제지방량에는 효과를 입증하지 못하였다. 둘째, 유산소운동을 통하여 비만정신지체 학생들의 가슴둘레와 허리둘레, 복부부위와 상장골부위의 피하지방은 감소하였으나 복부둘레와 엉덩이 둘레의 감소를 입증하지 못하였다. 셋째, 유산소운동을 통하여 비만정신지체 학생들의 심폐지구력이 증가하였다. 마지막으로 유산소운동 중 속도 상승에 따른 일시적인 운동회피의 증가가 있었으나 점차 운동회피가 감소하였다. 끝으로 결과를 논의하고 추후 관련연구를 위한 제언이 제시되었다.

The aim of this study was to examine the influence of an aerobic exercise program with repeated walking activity, on the mentally challenged students in their body composition, body circumference, subcutaneous fat, cardiovascular endurance, and number of evade exercise during the aerobic exercise program. The subjects of the study were 10 mentally challenged male students currently studying at a special school located in G Metropolitan City. Total 42 sessions of the aerobic exercise program were implemented, for 30 minutes per session, 3 times a week, in the course of 15 weeks. In regards to unique characteristics of the mentally challenged students and research goals, two methods were simultaneously employed as pre- and post-test method and a criteria change method. The results acquired from this study as follows. First, there was decrease in weight, body fat, and percent body fat of the mentally challenged students who participated in the aerobic exercise program. There was increase in total body water, whereas soft lean mass and lean body mass increased only slightly, hence no verification of the statistical significance. Second, regarding anthropometrics of the mentally challenged students who participated in the aerobic exercise program, decrease was made on the chest and waist circumference, whereas the abdomen and hip circumference only slightly decreased, hence no statistical significance. Moreover a statistically significant decrease was made for subcutaneous fat in the abdomen and suprailium region. Third, there was increase in cardiovascular endurance of the mentally challenged students who participated in the aerobic exercise program. Fourth, regarding the training avoidance of the students during the aerobic exercise program, a temporary increase of the deviant behaviors was shown due to an increased rapidity of the exercise. However the average deviant behaviors decreased gradually.