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Starting from Peter Wagner’s insight about the re-theorization ofmodernity, this article sketches a theoretical framework to incorporatethe interpretations of modernity which go beyond the domination ofa single Western or European perspective. Much theorization ofmodernity has been European-centered to the neglect of rich social andcultural thought from other regions of the world. The rise of indigenousactivism in Latin America has provided the world with an example ofdifferent kinds of activism, and distinct forms of cultural and politicalthought and practice. This article takes the bold step in arguing that LatinAmerica’s indigenous movements have generated a fresh and alternativeinterpretation of modernity. Those movements which have emergedover the course of the last three decades have pursued a different visionof recognition, sovereignty and ecology and bring to that pursuit a newkind of social and political agency. Unlike conventional philosophiesof statehood derived from the Westphalian tradition of state-making,indigenous perspectives privilege new kinds of coexistence. Moreover,the different ontological relationship with Nature that they posit alsohas potentially significant implications for addressing climate change.
