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This article attempts to provide a critical valuation of the availability,formation and best use of national highly educated human resources(HEHHRR) in Guatemala. HEHHRR, for the purpose of this article,is understood in terms of educational attainment and skills developmentamong the population; ultimately framed in higher education. Focus hasbeen placed on individuals graduated from fourth-level academicprograms (master, doctoral degrees). The authors start by providing anoverview of the country context; subsequent sections reflect on thedevelopment profile of Guatemala and the challenges faced by itsdomestic higher education system which hinder its ability to comply withits role in the production of the needed HEHHRR for the developmentof the nation. Findings provide evidence of the scarcity of HEHHRRin Guatemala as well as the existence of conditions that make it unlikelyto produce them domestically. In addition, different elements of thework scenario limit the best use of the Guatemalan HEHHRR. Therefore, this study strives to provide a better insight into theHEHHRR of Guatemala, the importance of international cooperationto address shortcomings at the domestic level, and suggests varioustopics for future research.