초록 열기/닫기 버튼
마음이 풍요롭다는 것은 무엇을 의미하는가? 우리의 일상생활로부터 자연스럽게 제기되는 이 물음은‘마음의 실천철학’의 핵심문제이다. 우리는 마음의 실체 또는 본질에 관한 어떤 철학적, 이론적 합의없이도 마음이 풍요로운 삶에 관해 소통하고 합의할 수 있다고 생각한다. 이러한 전제는 마음을 형이상학적으로 고찰하였던 <정신현상학>의 헤겔과‘자유정신’을 철저하게 추구하였던 반형이상학자 니체에게서도 확인될 수 있다. 헤겔의‘자기의식’과 니체의‘자기지배’를 자유로운 마음의 두 가지 패러다임으로 제시함으로써 마음의 실천철학적지평을 탐색한다. 마음의 실천철학은“마음은 무엇인가?”라는 형이상학적 질문 대신에“우리는 어떻게 자유로운 마음을 얻을 수 있는가?”라는 실천적 문제에 초점을 맞춘다. 실천철학적 관점에서 파악된 마음은‘자유’와 밀접한 관련이 있다. 헤겔과 니체는 모두 자유를 풍요로운 마음의 전제조건으로 파악하였다. 헤겔의 자기의식이 형성되는 역동적 과정을 분석하고 또 니체의 자기지배가 추구하는 궁극적 목적을 성찰하면, 우리는 마음이 풍요로움을 획득하는 과정 자체가 자유임을 알게 된다.
We shall experience the polyphony of the mind whenever we will try to figure out what the mind ‘is’. The phenomenon signified by the word “mind”is so complicated and multivocal that we will never be of a mind about the meaning of this word. We would do better to change our question in order to know how“ mind”does act in our life. How do we give our mind to something that is thought of as giving sense to our life? As asking these questions, we are facing two fundamental problems. The one is a theoretical problem how we talk about mind meaningfully regardless of its ambiguity. The another one is a practical problem how we combine this scientific question with the concrete real life. If we want to search for a meaningful answer for these questions, we would do better to focus on the practical question: “How can we get the free mind?”, instead of the metaphysical question:“ What is the mind?”As combining the problem of mind with the idea of freedom, our approach will change from the psychological observation to the practical-philosophical one. Becoming mindful is closely associated with the problem of freedom. Without understanding how freedom can be realized, we can’t grasp the importance of mind in our lives. Therefore it is no wonder that two representative philosophers of Western philosophy, Hegel and Nietzsche, are approaching the mind from the viewpoint of freedom. Now we come to the main point of the practical philosophy of mind: How can we get the free mind? As combining the problem of mind with the idea of freedom, our approach will change from the psychological observation to the practical-philosophical one. Becoming mindful is closely associated with the problem of freedom. Without understanding how freedom can be realized,we can’t grasp the importance of mind in our lives. Therefore it is no wonder that two representative philosophers of Western philosophy, Hegel and Nietzsche, are approaching the mind from the viewpoint of freedom. Hegel’s Phenomenology of Mind is nothing but a metaphysical attempt to describe the dynamic process of mind as freedom of self-consciousness (Selbstbewusstsein). On the contrary, Nietzsche tried to sketch how to get the free mind (Freigeist)while deconstructing the metaphysica lsubstance of mind. Regardless of the philosophical differences between them who certainly go in the complete opposite direction, they are common in regarding freedom as precondition of becoming mindful. By Hegel, mindfulness appears in the dynamic process of “self-consciousness”.But Nietzsche claims that mindfulness can be realized only in the form of“ self-mastery”. I will portrait Hegel’s self-consciousness and Nietzsche’s self-mastery as two practical ways of becoming mindful. And at the same time I want to show that two ways are necessarily so connected with each other that we can agree on living mindfully without agreeing about the philosophical justification of the mind.
키워드열기/닫기 버튼
mind, freedom, the spirit, self-consciousness, self-mastery
