<Abstract> The Significance of Hye Ch'o's Memoir of a Pilgrimage to the Five Regions of India in the Global History Bae, Han-keuk The Purpose of this paper is to examine the significance of Hye Ch'o's Memoir of a Pilgrimage the Five Regions of India(往五天竺國傳) in the global history. Since the discovery of the fragmentary manuscript of Hye Ch'o's Memoir one hundred years ago, by a french scholar, Paul Pelliot at Tun-huang in 1908, various attempts not only in France, China, Japan and Korea but also in Germany and Canada have been made to study or to translate Hye Ch'o's Memoir internationally. This Memoir is very important for students of the eighth century Asian history. Especially I would like to examine the significance and meaning of the Memoir in the global history. Hye Ch'o was a native of the Unified Kingdom of Silla, in the Korean peninsula. Probably he was born as a member of the king's family in 704 A. D. Therefore his family name was Kim as many eminent monks who studied in T'ang China at Silla period. He in fact met and became a disciple of Varabodhi(671～741), a celebrate Indian master of Tantric Buddhism. It is supposed Hye Ch'o met him at Kuang-chou in South China when he was only a sixteen year-old youth. Hye Ch'o was soon after to leave on his pilgrimage from China to India. Hye Ch'o made his departure from South China and traveled by the Southern sea route to India, much as his predecessor I-ching had done. Hye Ch'o's travels in India commenced when he landed in the eastern part of the country. Hye Ch'o records in his Memoir that he made pilgrimage to the holy sites. He continued his travels to Western India, North west India, the Kasmir valley, the lands of Gandhara, Kapisa and a number of Central Asian states. He finally arrived at An-hsi, the frontier city of the Tang empire in 727 A. D. After his return to china from India, Hye Ch'o probably resided at Chang-an in Ta chien-fu monastery and worked under Varabodhi. Hye Ch'o's Memoir is definitely an important source for Indian and Central Asian history of the eighth century. As with other Chinese Buddhist pilgrims, he recorded facts together with legend. The memoir is, however, above all a contemporary record of historical events and social conditions in India and Central Asia. As an example of the historical importance of the Memoir, Hye Ch'o is a contemporary witness of the Arab invasions of the Western India and Central Asia. he states that when he was in India, the Arabs had overrun on-half of the Western India is known only from Valbhi inscription. It is known that the Arab's early progress was halted 736. His Memoir is an important record of the progress of this early Muslim attempt to conquer India. The Memoir records which countries of Central Asia in 727 were under the control of the Arabs, Turks, Tibetants, Chinese and which were independent. At this period, T'ang China and their Turkish allies were standing in direct confrontation with the Arab military progress into Central Asia. The situation which Hye Ch'o witnessed would not last long, for Chinese control of Central Asia waned after the significant battle of the Talas River in 751. where the Arabs joined with china's former allies, the Turks, to defeat the Korean- Chinese viceroy, Ko Son-ji. Hye Ch'o's memoir is perhaps the last non Muslim contemporary account of Central Asia before its conquest by the Arabic and Islam civilization I would like to suggest to copy and display this very important and invaluable manuscript as an educational material for the second generation at the library and museum in the global age. The Memoir should be translated into more major languages such as Arabian, Russian, French, Spanish for the international readers by the cooperation of the scholars and government in commemoration of 100th anniversary of its discovery.

<Abstract> The Significance of Hye Ch'o's Memoir of a Pilgrimage to the Five Regions of India in the Global History Bae, Han-keuk The Purpose of this paper is to examine the significance of Hye Ch'o's Memoir of a Pilgrimage the Five Regions of India(往五天竺國傳) in the global history. Since the discovery of the fragmentary manuscript of Hye Ch'o's Memoir one hundred years ago, by a french scholar, Paul Pelliot at Tun-huang in 1908, various attempts not only in France, China, Japan and Korea but also in Germany and Canada have been made to study or to translate Hye Ch'o's Memoir internationally. This Memoir is very important for students of the eighth century Asian history. Especially I would like to examine the significance and meaning of the Memoir in the global history. Hye Ch'o was a native of the Unified Kingdom of Silla, in the Korean peninsula. Probably he was born as a member of the king's family in 704 A. D. Therefore his family name was Kim as many eminent monks who studied in T'ang China at Silla period. He in fact met and became a disciple of Varabodhi(671～741), a celebrate Indian master of Tantric Buddhism. It is supposed Hye Ch'o met him at Kuang-chou in South China when he was only a sixteen year-old youth. Hye Ch'o was soon after to leave on his pilgrimage from China to India. Hye Ch'o made his departure from South China and traveled by the Southern sea route to India, much as his predecessor I-ching had done. Hye Ch'o's travels in India commenced when he landed in the eastern part of the country. Hye Ch'o records in his Memoir that he made pilgrimage to the holy sites. He continued his travels to Western India, North west India, the Kasmir valley, the lands of Gandhara, Kapisa and a number of Central Asian states. He finally arrived at An-hsi, the frontier city of the Tang empire in 727 A. D. After his return to china from India, Hye Ch'o probably resided at Chang-an in Ta chien-fu monastery and worked under Varabodhi. Hye Ch'o's Memoir is definitely an important source for Indian and Central Asian history of the eighth century. As with other Chinese Buddhist pilgrims, he recorded facts together with legend. The memoir is, however, above all a contemporary record of historical events and social conditions in India and Central Asia. As an example of the historical importance of the Memoir, Hye Ch'o is a contemporary witness of the Arab invasions of the Western India and Central Asia. he states that when he was in India, the Arabs had overrun on-half of the Western India is known only from Valbhi inscription. It is known that the Arab's early progress was halted 736. His Memoir is an important record of the progress of this early Muslim attempt to conquer India. The Memoir records which countries of Central Asia in 727 were under the control of the Arabs, Turks, Tibetants, Chinese and which were independent. At this period, T'ang China and their Turkish allies were standing in direct confrontation with the Arab military progress into Central Asia. The situation which Hye Ch'o witnessed would not last long, for Chinese control of Central Asia waned after the significant battle of the Talas River in 751. where the Arabs joined with china's former allies, the Turks, to defeat the Korean- Chinese viceroy, Ko Son-ji. Hye Ch'o's memoir is perhaps the last non Muslim contemporary account of Central Asia before its conquest by the Arabic and Islam civilization I would like to suggest to copy and display this very important and invaluable manuscript as an educational material for the second generation at the library and museum in the global age. The Memoir should be translated into more major languages such as Arabian, Russian, French, Spanish for the international readers by the cooperation of the scholars and government in commemoration of 100th anniversary of its discovery.

•Hye Ch'o •The Memoir Memoir of a Pilgrimage the ve Regions of India •Kingdom of Unified Silla •T'ang Empire •Indo-Central Asia •Arab •Buddhism •Tantrism •Significance in the Global History