본고는 ‘곶’ 계열 어휘를 대상으로, 그 조어 방식, 기원적 의미, 형태와 의미의 변화 및 그 변화의 원인 등의 문제를 종합적으로 고찰한 것이다. ‘곶’ 계열 어휘에는 ‘곶감, -꽂이, 고깔, 곡괭이, 꽃게, 꼬치, 꼬챙이, 송곳’ 등이 있다. ‘곳감’은 동사 ‘곶-’과 ‘감’이 결합된 형태로 ‘꼬챙이로 꽂은 감’이라는 의미를, ‘-곶이’는 동사 ‘곶-’에 접미사 ‘-이’가 결합된 ‘곶이’가 접미사화한 것으로 ‘꽂아 두는 것’이라는 의미를 띤다. 그리고 ‘곳갈’은 명사 ‘곶’과 ‘갈’이 결합된 형태로 ‘꼬챙이처럼 뾰족한 모자’라는 의미를, ‘곳광이’는 명사 ‘곶’과 ‘광이’가 결합된 형태로 ‘꼬챙이처럼 뾰족하게 생긴 괭이’라는 의미를, ‘곳게’는 명사 ‘곶’과 ‘게’가 결합된 형태로 ‘등딱지의 양쪽 끝이 꼬챙이처럼 뾰족한 게’라는 의미를 띤다. ‘＊고치’는 ‘곶’에 접미사 ‘-이’가 결합된 ‘고지’에서 변한 어형으로 추정된다. ‘곳챵이’는 명사 ‘곳치’에 접미사 ‘-앙이’가 결합된 ‘곳창이’의 異表記이다. ‘송곳’은 ‘솔-[細]’의 관형사형 ‘손’과 명사 ‘곶’이 결합된 ‘＊손곶’의 변화형으로 ‘좁고 뾰족한 꼬챙이’라는 의미를 띤다. ‘송곳’과 같은 의미의 ‘솔옺’의 흔적이 식물 이름 ‘소루쟁이’에 남아 있다.

This thesis focuses on ‘곶’ interrelated words and tries to track the process of word formation, its original meaning, the change of its form and meaning, and the causes of change all together. The ‘곶’ interrelated words are like these: ‘곶감(a dried persimmon), -꽂이(things that are stuck into), 고깔(a peaked hat), 곡괭이(a pickaxe), 꽃게(a crab), 꼬치(food on a skewer), 꼬챙이(a skewer), 송곳(an awl)’. ‘곶감(a dried persimmon)’ has been formed by melding the verb ‘곶-’ and the noun ‘감,’ and it means ‘a dried persimmon stuck to a skewer’. ‘-곶이(things that are stuck into)’ has been formed by melding the verb ‘곶-’ and the suffix ‘-이’ and the two words are used as the suffix meaning for ‘the things that are stuck into.’ ‘곳갈(a peaked hat)’ was formed by melding the noun ‘곶’ and the noun ‘갈(a kind of traditional hat in Korea)’, and it means ‘a peaked hat which looks like a skewer’. ‘곳광이(a pickaxe)’ was formed by melding the noun ‘곶’ and the noun ‘광이(a kind of agricultural tool in Korea),’ and it means ‘a pickaxe which looks like a skewer’. ‘곳게(a crab)’ was formed by melding the noun ‘곶’ and the noun ‘게(a crab),’ and it means ‘a crab with skewers on both sides’. ‘＊고치(food on a skewer)’ is assumed to be from the word ‘고지’ that the noun ‘곶’ and the suffix ‘-이’ meld. ‘곳챵이(a skewer)’ and ‘곳창이’ are assumed to be the words that are written in a way of different spelling, but of the same meaning, and ‘곳창이’ is formed by melding the noun ‘곳치’ and the suffix ‘-앙이(stuff).’ ‘송곳(an awl)’ is the changed form of ‘＊손곶,’ which ‘손,’ a modifier form of ‘솔-([細], the state of being thin or small)’, and the noun ‘곶’ meld, and it means ‘a skewer with sharpened or peaked point’. The ‘솔옷,’ which has the same meaning of ‘송곳,’ leaves a trace in the ‘소루쟁이,’ the name of plants.

This thesis focuses on ‘곶’ interrelated words and tries to track the process of word formation, its original meaning, the change of its form and meaning, and the causes of change all together. The ‘곶’ interrelated words are like these: ‘곶감(a dried persimmon), -꽂이(things that are stuck into), 고깔(a peaked hat), 곡괭이(a pickaxe), 꽃게(a crab), 꼬치(food on a skewer), 꼬챙이(a skewer), 송곳(an awl)’. ‘곶감(a dried persimmon)’ has been formed by melding the verb ‘곶-’ and the noun ‘감,’ and it means ‘a dried persimmon stuck to a skewer’. ‘-곶이(things that are stuck into)’ has been formed by melding the verb ‘곶-’ and the suffix ‘-이’ and the two words are used as the suffix meaning for ‘the things that are stuck into.’ ‘곳갈(a peaked hat)’ was formed by melding the noun ‘곶’ and the noun ‘갈(a kind of traditional hat in Korea)’, and it means ‘a peaked hat which looks like a skewer’. ‘곳광이(a pickaxe)’ was formed by melding the noun ‘곶’ and the noun ‘광이(a kind of agricultural tool in Korea),’ and it means ‘a pickaxe which looks like a skewer’. ‘곳게(a crab)’ was formed by melding the noun ‘곶’ and the noun ‘게(a crab),’ and it means ‘a crab with skewers on both sides’. ‘＊고치(food on a skewer)’ is assumed to be from the word ‘고지’ that the noun ‘곶’ and the suffix ‘-이’ meld. ‘곳챵이(a skewer)’ and ‘곳창이’ are assumed to be the words that are written in a way of different spelling, but of the same meaning, and ‘곳창이’ is formed by melding the noun ‘곳치’ and the suffix ‘-앙이(stuff).’ ‘송곳(an awl)’ is the changed form of ‘＊손곶,’ which ‘손,’ a modifier form of ‘솔-([細], the state of being thin or small)’, and the noun ‘곶’ meld, and it means ‘a skewer with sharpened or peaked point’. The ‘솔옷,’ which has the same meaning of ‘송곳,’ leaves a trace in the ‘소루쟁이,’ the name of plants.

etymology, origin of a word, the original meaning, word formation, meaning change