초록 열기/닫기 버튼
The Purpose of this study is to analyse how Qing set up diplomatic relations with Liuqiu in the late 17th century. At that time, Qing has conquered and ruled China proper instead of fallen Ming, wanted to be accepted by peripheral countries as the Son of Heaven's country in the tributary system. So emperor Shunzhi dispatched envoys to Liuqiu twice and asked Liuqiu to send tribute mission. Liuqiu finally did but only after a good amount of hesitation, because Ming and southern Ming to which Liuqiu had paid tribute had fallen or had no ability to satisfy Liuqiu's political, economical, diplomatic demands. At last the suzerain-vassal relationship was set up between Qing emperor and ruler of Liuqiu. Emperor Kangxi send his mission to Liuqiu in 1663 and conferred Liuqiu king title on Liqiu prince crown Shangzhi(尙質). The imperial envoy of the mission was a Chinese Eight Banners Zhangxueli(張學禮) who was learned in Chinese Classics. After accomplishing his mission and returning to China, he wrote two books. One was The envoy's record on Liuqiu in which described his formal activities as imperial envoy, and the other was The record on Zhongshan Country which described the custom of Liuqiu. The most important characteristic of these books is the fact that there are no viewpoint of despising Liuqiu as barbarian country and Liuqiu people as barbarian in the two books. All of the imperial envoy to Liuqiu in Ming dynasty had the viewpoint of scorning Liuqiu as barbarian country and the self esteem of Ming as Middle Kingdom in the world, that is to say, Sino-barbarian ideology. Though Zhangxueli also had the viewpoint of self esteem, but he did not despise Liuqiu and it's people as barbarian country and barbarian, This is the most important Character of Zhangxueli's Sino-barbarian ideology.
키워드열기/닫기 버튼
Qing, emperor Shunzhi, emperor Kangxi, Zhangxueli, the king of Liuqiu, tributary system, Sino-barbarian ideology
淸, 琉球, 順治帝, 康熙帝, 張學禮, 中山王, 朝貢冊封, 華夷論.
