이 글은 녹문 임성주의 성리학설을 인간형성의 시각에서 이해하였으며, 이를 위해 다음의 세 가지를 밝혔다. 첫째, 율곡 이이의 리통기국(理通氣局)에 대한 녹문의 비판을 분석함으로써 녹문 성리학설의 특징을 추출하였다. 둘째, 담일기(湛一氣)에 따른 심성일치(心性一致)를 바탕으로 녹문의 성범심동론(聖凡心同論)에 내재된 인간형성의 가능성을 밝혔다. 셋째, 녹문의 수양론에서 제기되는 존존감(存存龕)의 유래와 그 의미를 기의 ‘자연’(自然)과 연계시켜 해명하고, 이를 바탕으로 그의 도덕적 행위의 가능성을 확인하였다. 마지막으로, 이 글에서 다루었던 녹문 임성주의 인간형성이론에 대한 이해를 요약하고 그에 따른 향후의 연구과제를 제시하였다.

Nokmoon Yim Sung-Joo(鹿門 任聖周, 1711～1788) was one of the prominent philosophers of the late of Chosun dynasty in the history of Neo-Confucianism. This article is to understand Nokmoon's theory of human-being-formation. The major understandings of this article are followings. Firstly, Nokmoon took a principle of Ch'i(氣) monism. He asserted that the fundamental reality of the universe was all filled with Ch'i principle. Therefore there was no limitation of Ch'i in time and space. Appearing and disappearing of whole universe was caused in operation of this Ch'i principle. This operation of Ch'i principle depended not on any other factor but on its own self-caused for it's own existence. Secondly, Nokmoon asserted that the human mind could reveal the pure tendency toward life because it consisted of the pure Ch'i. According to this, human's mind that is proposed in Nokmoon's “Theory of Shêng Fan Hsin T'ung”(聖凡心同) is identical with the purity of Ch'i. And the real difference between the sacred and the common is originated from the “Cha Tzŭ”(渣滓) of Ch'i' dregs. Thirdly, Nokmoon tried to understand the moral possibility of human being through the “Ts'un Ts'un K'an”(存存龕). He did treat the good as not the transcendental thing but the immanent one in human mind. And he asserted that the revealing of the good is concomitant with recovering the original mind. Every man has his own pure intrinsic humanity, and if he makes a constant effort to improve himself in an everyday experience he can be the sacred.

Nokmoon Yim Sung-Joo(鹿門 任聖周, 1711～1788) was one of the prominent philosophers of the late of Chosun dynasty in the history of Neo-Confucianism. This article is to understand Nokmoon's theory of human-being-formation. The major understandings of this article are followings. Firstly, Nokmoon took a principle of Ch'i(氣) monism. He asserted that the fundamental reality of the universe was all filled with Ch'i principle. Therefore there was no limitation of Ch'i in time and space. Appearing and disappearing of whole universe was caused in operation of this Ch'i principle. This operation of Ch'i principle depended not on any other factor but on its own self-caused for it's own existence. Secondly, Nokmoon asserted that the human mind could reveal the pure tendency toward life because it consisted of the pure Ch'i. According to this, human's mind that is proposed in Nokmoon's “Theory of Shêng Fan Hsin T'ung”(聖凡心同) is identical with the purity of Ch'i. And the real difference between the sacred and the common is originated from the “Cha Tzŭ”(渣滓) of Ch'i' dregs. Thirdly, Nokmoon tried to understand the moral possibility of human being through the “Ts'un Ts'un K'an”(存存龕). He did treat the good as not the transcendental thing but the immanent one in human mind. And he asserted that the revealing of the good is concomitant with recovering the original mind. Every man has his own pure intrinsic humanity, and if he makes a constant effort to improve himself in an everyday experience he can be the sacred.

Nokmoon Yim Sung-Joo, Ch'i monism, Theory of Shng Fan Hsin T'ung, Human-Being-Formation, Cha Tz, Ts'un Ts'un K'an