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The study evaluated the componential quality of black teas manufactured from different countries and regions by analyzing key chemical components in black tea. A total of 29 black teas consisting of four manufactured in China, six in India, three in Japan, eight in Korea, and seven in Sri Lanka were used. The total amino acids (TAAs), total polyphenols (TPPs) and thearubigins (TRs) contents were measured using a spectrophotometer, and the catechins, caffeine and theaflavins (TFs) were measured by high performance liquid chromatography. The contents of these components differed significantly according to the countries of origin or regions manufacturing black tea. In particular, large differences in the TPPs, total catechins and TFs contents were observed. Sri Lankan black tea contained the highest level of TFs and TRs. Indian black tea contained the highest content of TPPs and total catechins. These results suggest that Sri Lankan and Indian black tea is superior to Chinese, Japanese and Korean tea, but Korean black tea is not inferior to Chinese and Japanese in terms of the componential quality.