호서지역에서 주로 확인되는 청동기시대의 묘제는 석관묘, 석개토광묘, 옹관묘 등의 송국리형 묘제와 지석묘이다. 호서지역은 다른 지역에 비하여 지석묘의 조사 사례가 적은 반면, 송국리형 묘제가 상대적으로 다수 확인된다. 즉, 지석묘와 송국리형 묘제가 공존하는 것이 호서지역 청동기 시대 묘제의 가장 큰 특징이기 때문에, 이 지역은 양 묘제의 관계나 그 문화적 배경 등을 연구하 기에 최적의 장소라 할 수 있다. 본고에서는 우선 발굴조사된 유적을 중심으로 호서지역의 지석묘 와 송국리형 묘제의 전반적인 양상에 대하여 살펴보았으며, 최근의 연구성과를 바탕으로 양 묘제 의 관계에 대한 새로운 견해를 제시함으로써 호서지역 청동기시대 묘제의 문화적 성격을 보다 분 명하게 나타내고자 하였다. 분석 결과 지석묘와 송국리형 묘제는 그 분포를 통해 볼 때 일부 관련성을 나타내는 유적이 존 재하지만, 전반적으로는 상호 배타적인 관계에 있었다고 보여진다. 그러나 지석묘가 주로 분포하 는 지역의 양상을 지석묘 문화나 지석묘 집단으로 명명하여 송국리 문화와 대응하는 개념으로 상정하는 것은 문제가 있다. 전기에 해당하는 일부 묘제를 제외하면 대부분의 지석묘와 송국리형 묘제는 모두 송국리 문화와 관련된 것으로 생각되며, 묘제의 지역별 편중 현상은 송국리 문화 집 단이 송국리형 묘제와 지석묘를 선택적으로 받아들인 결과라 할 수 있다. 지석묘가 전기부터 사용된 묘제라는 점을 감안하면, 지석묘를 채택한 집단은 전기의 전통이 비교적 오래 지속되었을 가능 성이 높다. 한편, 송국리 문화 집단의 취락 내에서 지석묘가 확인된 사례는 소수에 불과하기 때문 에, 지석묘로 구성된 분묘군이 상대적으로 좀더 멀리 떨어져 위치하였음을 짐작할 수 있다. 이밖 에 송국리형 묘제의 등장 배경에 대해서는 전기 문화로부터의 변화가 상정되며, 급격한 물질 문화 상의 변화를 초래할 만한 당시의 사회적 혹은 환경적 요인이 존재하였을 것으로 추정된다.

The Bronze Age burials excavated in Hoseo area consist of 'Songguk-ri type' including cist, pit burials with stone cover and jar burials, and dolmens. Songguk-ri type is more popular in this area than other areas, which means they co-existed with dolmens. As this point is the most specific feature, this area is the best field to examine the relationship between these two kinds of burial systems. This paper firstly discussed on the excavated sites related to these burial systems in Hoseo area to reveal its cultural character through presenting new perspective for the relationship based on the recent achievement on this topic. As a result, these two burial systems show exclusive pattern, although there are some exceptions. However, the author does not regard these distribution as that of different people or culture in this period as in the previous studies. Most of Songguk-ri type burial systems and dolmens seem to be related to Songguk-ri culture and the difference of the rate of them shows that they adopted Songguk-ri culture in different extent. Considering that dolmens are already existed in the Early Bronze Age, people who made dolmens seem to keep their tradition longer. On the other hand, as a few dolmens are excavated inside the Songguk-ri culture settlements, graveyard of dolmens seems to be located far from the settlements. It was observed continuous elements from Early Bronze Age culture and drastic change of material culture in Songguk-ri culture which is seem to be originated in social and environmental change in that time. Therefore Songguk-ri type burial system appeared in such background.

The Bronze Age burials excavated in Hoseo area consist of 'Songguk-ri type' including cist, pit burials with stone cover and jar burials, and dolmens. Songguk-ri type is more popular in this area than other areas, which means they co-existed with dolmens. As this point is the most specific feature, this area is the best field to examine the relationship between these two kinds of burial systems. This paper firstly discussed on the excavated sites related to these burial systems in Hoseo area to reveal its cultural character through presenting new perspective for the relationship based on the recent achievement on this topic. As a result, these two burial systems show exclusive pattern, although there are some exceptions. However, the author does not regard these distribution as that of different people or culture in this period as in the previous studies. Most of Songguk-ri type burial systems and dolmens seem to be related to Songguk-ri culture and the difference of the rate of them shows that they adopted Songguk-ri culture in different extent. Considering that dolmens are already existed in the Early Bronze Age, people who made dolmens seem to keep their tradition longer. On the other hand, as a few dolmens are excavated inside the Songguk-ri culture settlements, graveyard of dolmens seems to be located far from the settlements. It was observed continuous elements from Early Bronze Age culture and drastic change of material culture in Songguk-ri culture which is seem to be originated in social and environmental change in that time. Therefore Songguk-ri type burial system appeared in such background.

Dolmen, Songguk-ri type burial system, Cist, Pit burial with stone cover, Jar burial, Songguk-ri culture