Theory of meditation of two Abhidharma traditions - Compare with Visuddhimagga and Abhidharmakośa - Jaesung Kim Seoul Graduate School of Buddhism In this paper, I try to examine the meaning of concentration meditation(jhāna/dhyāna) of early Buddhism and compare the theories of meditation between theravādin and sarvāstivādin. There are many terms which mean the concentration. Those might be samādhi, samāpatti, samatha, yoga, citta, adhicitta, bhāvanā, vimokkha, vimokha, satipaṭṭhāna, anussati, saññā, etc. In these terms, the representative terms of concentration meditation might be jhāna, samādhi, samāpatti, samatha. There are some characteristics of the theory of meditation of the theravādin in the Visuddhimagga. One characteristic is theory of two kind of samādhi, access-concentration(upacāra-samādhi) and absorption concentration(appana-samādhi). Insight meditation(vipassanā) can be practiced on any of these concentration because of overcoming of five hindrances(pañca-nīvaraṇa) The sarvāsivādin theory of meditation in the Abhidharmakośa is different from theravādin in many ways, but some ideas are very similar. In this article, I try to explain that Not-reached state (anāgamya) of first concentration is functioned like access-concentration of Visuddhimagga, and enlightenment is possible based on these two kind of concentration as well as absorption concentrations. Pure-insight meditation(suddha-vipassanaa) is able to be practiced on the basis of access-concentration or Not-reached state of first concentration.

Theory of meditation of two Abhidharma traditions - Compare with Visuddhimagga and Abhidharmakośa - Jaesung Kim Seoul Graduate School of Buddhism In this paper, I try to examine the meaning of concentration meditation(jhāna/dhyāna) of early Buddhism and compare the theories of meditation between theravādin and sarvāstivādin. There are many terms which mean the concentration. Those might be samādhi, samāpatti, samatha, yoga, citta, adhicitta, bhāvanā, vimokkha, vimokha, satipaṭṭhāna, anussati, saññā, etc. In these terms, the representative terms of concentration meditation might be jhāna, samādhi, samāpatti, samatha. There are some characteristics of the theory of meditation of the theravādin in the Visuddhimagga. One characteristic is theory of two kind of samādhi, access-concentration(upacāra-samādhi) and absorption concentration(appana-samādhi). Insight meditation(vipassanā) can be practiced on any of these concentration because of overcoming of five hindrances(pañca-nīvaraṇa) The sarvāsivādin theory of meditation in the Abhidharmakośa is different from theravādin in many ways, but some ideas are very similar. In this article, I try to explain that Not-reached state (anāgamya) of first concentration is functioned like access-concentration of Visuddhimagga, and enlightenment is possible based on these two kind of concentration as well as absorption concentrations. Pure-insight meditation(suddha-vipassanaa) is able to be practiced on the basis of access-concentration or Not-reached state of first concentration.

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theravāda, sarvastivāda, Visuddhimagga, Abhidharmakośa, jhāna/dhyāna, forth jhāna, upacāra-samādhi, khanika-samādhi, anāgamya, suddha-vipassanā