본 연구는 선별적 기초연금과 가입기준이 엄격한 2층 소득비례 연금의 결합으로는 비정규직 노동자의 노후소득 보장이 어렵다는 점을 보여주는 것이 목적이다. 일반적으로 기초연금은 비정규직 노동자의 노후소득을 보장하는데 긍정적이라 평가받아왔다. 그러나 이는 기초연금의 형태, 2층 소득비례 연금과의 관계 속에서 살펴보는 것이 필요하다. 이를 위해 본 연구는 일본을 사례 분석하였다. 분석결과 첫째, 선별적 기초연금과 2층 소득비례 연금이 결합되어도 비정규직 노동자 일부는 여전히 공적연금에 접근하지 못한다. 둘째, 비정규직 노동자는 기초연금에만 적용될 가능성이 높은데, 이때 기초연금의 소득대체율이 낮아 비정규직 노동자의 노후소득 보장이 어렵다. 셋째, 기초연금과 2층 연금 모두 적용된 경우에도 2층 연금 급여가 소득비례 방식이기 때문에 비정규직 노동자는 상대적으로 낮은 급여를 받게 된다. 따라서 기초연금+2층 연금에 모두 적용되는 정규직 노동자와 기초연금에만 적용되는 비정규직 노동자간의 연금 급여 양극화 현상이 발생하게 되고, 2층 소득비례 연금의 가입비율 하락, 재정불안정 문제가 발생하게 된다. 이런 맥락에서 기초연금 도입만으로는 비정규직 노동자의 노후소득 보장이 어렵고, 기초연금을 보편적 방식으로 개선함과 동시에 비정규직 노동자들이 2층 소득비례연금에 접근하기 쉽도록 제도 개선이 필요하다. 또한 상대적으로 저임금인 비정규직 노동자가 공적연금을 통해 노후소득을 보장받을 수 있도록 급여 방식의 변화 역시 요구된다.

The aim of this study shows difficult to grantee nonstandard worker's old age earning even though the system for them combines selective basic pension with strict earn-related pension. In general, basic pension has been being judged positively for nonstandard workers as insurance for their old age earning. However, having to inspect it that connects form of basic pension with earned-related pension. For it, this study is analyzed through the cases in Japan. First of the analytic consequences, it doesn't get closer to public pension for some of nonstandard workers although it combines selective basic pension with earn-related pension. Second, nonstandard workers can be usually gotten by basic pension. However the benefit of basic pension is not enough to afford to guarantee nonstandard worker's old age earning. Third, even the case of application basic pension with earn-related pension, they get low benefits because the benefit of pension bases of earn-related. So, there is a polarizing phenomenon of benefit of pension between standard workers who are applied basic pension with earn-related pension and nonstandard workers who are applied just basic pension. Also, there are the downward rates of application which are earn-related pension and coincident financial unstable problems. As a result, systems of basic pension and earn-related pension for the nonstandard workers are needed to improve.

The aim of this study shows difficult to grantee nonstandard worker's old age earning even though the system for them combines selective basic pension with strict earn-related pension. In general, basic pension has been being judged positively for nonstandard workers as insurance for their old age earning. However, having to inspect it that connects form of basic pension with earned-related pension. For it, this study is analyzed through the cases in Japan. First of the analytic consequences, it doesn't get closer to public pension for some of nonstandard workers although it combines selective basic pension with earn-related pension. Second, nonstandard workers can be usually gotten by basic pension. However the benefit of basic pension is not enough to afford to guarantee nonstandard worker's old age earning. Third, even the case of application basic pension with earn-related pension, they get low benefits because the benefit of pension bases of earn-related. So, there is a polarizing phenomenon of benefit of pension between standard workers who are applied basic pension with earn-related pension and nonstandard workers who are applied just basic pension. Also, there are the downward rates of application which are earn-related pension and coincident financial unstable problems. As a result, systems of basic pension and earn-related pension for the nonstandard workers are needed to improve.

Japan, Nonstandard worker, Basic pension, Earn-related pension